The Genetic Control of Ovule Development

Chaudhary, Ajeet; Gao, Jin; Schneitz, Kay

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.20737-1

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Thus, the alignment of the ovule with the apical-basal axis of the gynoecium does not directly correspond to the establishment of anterior-posterior polarity in the primordium but rather depends on a subsequent morphogenetic process in the funiculus. A basic molecular framework underlying primordium outgrowth and integument formation has been established ( Chaudhary et al, 2018 ; Cucinotta et al, 2014 ; Gasser and Skinner, 2019 ). However, it is not known what regulates anterior-posterior polarity, slanting, and funiculus twisting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It harbors the embryo sac with the egg cell that is protected by two integuments, lateral determinate tissues that develop into the seed coat following fertilization. The Arabidopsis ovule has been established as a model to study several important aspects of tissue morphogenesis including primordium formation, the establishment of the female germ line, and integument formation ( Chaudhary et al, 2018 ; Gasser and Skinner, 2019 ; Nakajima, 2018 ; Schmidt et al, 2015 ). The ovule exhibits an elaborate tissue architecture exemplified by its multiple cell types and extreme curvature visible in the highly asymmetric growth of the two integuments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A digital 3D reference atlas reveals cellular growth patterns shaping the Arabidopsis ovule

Vijayan

Tofanelli

Strauss

et al. 2021

eLife

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A fundamental question in biology is how morphogenesis integrates the multitude of processes that act at different scales, ranging from the molecular control of gene expression to cellular coordination in a tissue. Using machine-learning-based digital image analysis, we generated a three-dimensional atlas of ovule development in Arabidopsis thaliana, enabling the quantitative spatio-temporal analysis of cellular and gene expression patterns with cell and tissue resolution. We discovered novel morphological manifestations of ovule polarity, a new mode of cell layer formation, and previously unrecognized subepidermal cell populations that initiate ovule curvature. The data suggest an irregular cellular build-up of WUSCHEL expression in the primordium and new functions for INNER NO OUTER in restricting nucellar cell proliferation and the organization of the interior chalaza. Our work demonstrates the analytical power of a three-dimensional digital representation when studying the morphogenesis of an organ of complex architecture that eventually consists of 1900 cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A digital 3D reference atlas reveals cellular growth patterns shaping the Arabidopsis ovule

Vijayan

Tofanelli

Strauss

et al. 2021

eLife

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View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It harbors the egg cell which is protected by two integuments, lateral determinate tissues that develop into the seed coat following fertilization. The Arabidopsis ovule has been established as an instructive model to study numerous aspects of tissue morphogenesis including primordium formation, the establishment of the female germ line, and integument formation (Chaudhary et al, 2018; Gasser and Skinner, 2019; Nakajima, 2018; Schmidt et al, 2015). The ovule exhibits an elaborate tissue architecture exemplified by its extreme curvature caused in part by the asymmetric growth of the two integuments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A digital 3D reference atlas reveals cellular growth patterns shaping the Arabidopsis ovule

Vijayan

Tofanelli

Strauss

et al. 2020

Preprint

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A fundamental question in biology is how morphogenesis integrates the multitude of distinct processes that act at different scales, ranging from the molecular control of gene expression to cellular coordination in a tissue. Investigating morphogenesis of complex organs strongly benefits from three-dimensional representations of the organ under study. Here, we present a digital analysis of ovule development from Arabidopsis thaliana as a paradigm for a complex morphogenetic process. Using machine-learning-based image analysis we generated a three-dimensional atlas of ovule development with cellular resolution. It allows quantitative stage- and tissue-specific analysis of cellular patterns. Exploiting a fluorescent reporter enabled precise spatial determination of gene expression patterns, revealing subepidermal expression of WUSCHEL. Underlying the power of our approach, we found that primordium outgrowth progresses evenly, discovered a novel mode of forming a new cell layer, and detected a new function of INNER NO OUTER in restricting cell proliferation in the nucellus. Moreover, we identified two distinct subepidermal cell populations that make crucial contributions to ovule curvature. Our work demonstrates the expedience of a three-dimensional digital representation when studying the morphogenesis of an organ of complex cellular architecture and shape that eventually consists of 1,900 cells.

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“…The ovule is the major female plant organ involved in sexual reproduction and the progenitor of the seed. In part due to their highly interesting biology the ovules of Arabidopsis thaliana also successfully serve as a general model system to study the molecular and genetic basis of plant organogenesis [1–5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protocol for rapid clearing and staining of fixed Arabidopsis ovules for improved imaging by confocal laser scanning microscopy

et al. 2019

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BackgroundA salient topic in developmental biology relates to the molecular and genetic mechanisms that underlie tissue morphogenesis. Modern quantitative approaches to this central question frequently involve digital cellular models of the organ or tissue under study. The ovules of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana have long been established as a model system for the study of organogenesis in plants. While ovule development in Arabidopsis can be followed by a variety of different imaging techniques, no experimental strategy presently exists that enables an easy and straightforward investigation of the morphology of internal tissues of the ovule with cellular resolution.ResultsWe developed a protocol for rapid and robust confocal microscopy of fixed Arabidopsis ovules of all stages. The method combines clearing of fixed ovules in ClearSee solution with marking the cell outline using the cell wall stain SCRI Renaissance 2200 and the nuclei with the stain TO-PRO-3 iodide. We further improved the microscopy by employing a homogenous immersion system aimed at minimizing refractive index differences. The method allows complete inspection of the cellular architecture even deep within the ovule. Using the new protocol we were able to generate digital three-dimensional models of ovules of various stages.ConclusionsThe protocol enables the quick and reproducible imaging of fixed Arabidopsis ovules of all developmental stages. From the imaging data three-dimensional digital ovule models with cellular resolution can be rapidly generated using image analysis software, for example MorphographX. Such digital models will provide the foundation for a future quantitative analysis of ovule morphogenesis in a model species.

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The Genetic Control of Ovule Development

Cited by 6 publications

References 108 publications

A digital 3D reference atlas reveals cellular growth patterns shaping the Arabidopsis ovule

A digital 3D reference atlas reveals cellular growth patterns shaping the Arabidopsis ovule

A digital 3D reference atlas reveals cellular growth patterns shaping the Arabidopsis ovule

Protocol for rapid clearing and staining of fixed Arabidopsis ovules for improved imaging by confocal laser scanning microscopy

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