The genetic assimilation in language borrowing inferred from Jing People

Huang, Xiu‐Feng; Zhou, Qing-Hui; Bin, Xiaoyun; Lai, Shu; Lin, Chao-Wen; Hu, Rong; Xiao, Jiashun; Da-jun, Luo; Li, Yingxiang; Wei, Lan‐Hai; Yeh, Hui‐Yuan; Chen, Gang; Wang, Chuan‐Chao

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23449

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Previous studies suggested that O2a2b1-M134 (xM117) was one of the predominant paternal lineages in Tibeto-Burman and Sinitic populations, which originated in northern EA and was associated with the millet-farming related Proto-Sino-Tibetan populations (Ning et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2018;Yan et al, 2014). We also observed sub-lineages of haplogroup O1-F265 in the study populations, suggesting the genetic affinity with coastal southern EA ancestry with haplogroup O1a-M119 and O1b1a1a-M95 (Huang et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2010). Except for the Pumi_N, we found other Yunnan Tibeto-Burman and Austroasiatic populations have haplogroup C-M216 including C1a-CTS11043 and C2c1-F2613, indicating gene flow from north Eurasian steppe populations (Zhong et al, 2010).…”

Section: Paternal and Maternal Haplogroup Genotyping Of Each Individualsupporting

confidence: 61%

Genomic insights into Neolithic farming‐related migrations in the junction of east and southeast Asia

Guo

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2021

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Objectives We aim to detect demographic history and early farming‐related migration of the crossroad area in the junction of east Asia (EA) and southeast Asia (SEA). Materials and methods We collected and genotyped 87 individuals from 6 Tibeto‐Burman and Austroasiatic‐speaking populations including Bai, Pumi, Hani, Lahu, Wa, and Blang with nearly 700,000 genome‐wide SNPs. We subsequently analyzed genetic structure and admixture using our merged dataset including both ancient and modern eastern Eurasians with PCA, ADMIXTURE, Refine‐IBD, f statistics and qpAdm. Results We observed population substructure within the studied Tibeto‐Burman populations. The northern Tibeto‐Burman groups (Bai and Pumi) had a predominant genomic legacy associated to millet‐farming from North China and also high frequencies of Y‐chromosomal haplogroup O2a2b1‐M134 (xM117) and its sub‐clades. By contrast, southern Tibeto‐Burman groups (Lahu and Hani) had more than 60% genomic legacy associated to rice‐farming, which is prevalent in present‐day Tai‐Kadai, Austronesian and Austroasiatic speaking populations. We observed strong genetic affinities between Austroasiatic populations in Yunnan (Blang and Wa) and mainland southeast Asia. Discussion Our study revealed that both demic migrations and cultural interactions from north to south and east to west since the Late Neolithic have shaped the genetic structure of populations at the crossroads of EA and SEA. The dominant genomic legacy associated with millet‐farming in northern Tibeto‐Burman populations indicates large‐scale Neolithic migrations from the Upper‐Middle Yellow River Basin. The rice‐farming expansion has deeply influenced the genetic profile of both southern Tibeto‐Burman and Austroasiatic populations, suggesting migrations from east to west via both inland and coastal routes.

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Section: Paternal and Maternal Haplogroup Genotyping Of Each Individualsupporting

confidence: 61%

Genomic insights into Neolithic farming‐related migrations in the junction of east and southeast Asia

Guo

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2021

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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“…Then, we achieved the genotyped data of these samples using the Affymetrix WeGene V1 Array, which includes 492,683 genome-wide SNPs and is referred to as the "500K dataset" elsewhere in this article. Other experimental and bioinformatic procedures for genotyping were consistent with the protocol documented in the previous studies (Huang et al, 2018;.…”

Section: Sampling and Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Insights Into the Demographic History of the Southern Chinese

Huang¹,

Xia

Bin³

et al. 2022

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Southern China is the birthplace of rice-cultivating agriculture and different language families and has also witnessed various human migrations that facilitated cultural diffusions. The fine-scale demographic history in situ that forms present-day local populations, however, remains unclear. To comprehensively cover the genetic diversity in East and Southeast Asia, we generated genome-wide SNP data from 211 present-day Southern Chinese and co-analyzed them with ∼1,200 ancient and modern genomes. In Southern China, language classification is significantly associated with genetic variation but with a different extent of predictability, and there is strong evidence for recent shared genetic history particularly in Hmong–Mien and Austronesian speakers. A geography-related genetic sub-structure that represents the major genetic variation in Southern East Asians is established pre-Holocene and its extremes are represented by Neolithic Fujianese and First Farmers in Mainland Southeast Asia. This sub-structure is largely reduced by admixture in ancient Southern Chinese since > ∼2,000 BP, which forms a “Southern Chinese Cluster” with a high level of genetic homogeneity. Further admixture characterizes the demographic history of the majority of Hmong–Mien speakers and some Kra-Dai speakers in Southwest China happened ∼1,500–1,000 BP, coeval to the reigns of local chiefdoms. In Yellow River Basin, we identify a connection of local populations to genetic sub-structure in Southern China with geographical correspondence appearing > ∼9,000 BP, while the gene flow likely closely related to “Southern Chinese Cluster” since the Longshan period (∼5,000–4,000 BP) forms ancestry profile of Han Chinese Cline.

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“…These datasets included all publicly available ancient DNA data published before 2021 and 2054 individuals from the 1000 Genomes Project, 300 individuals from 142 worldwide populations from Simons Genome Diversity Project, and 928 sequence genomes in the sequenced HGDP. Genotype data obtained using the Affymetrix Human Origins were also included here (42)(43)(44). The used reference populations in the merged 1240K dataset included all publicly available ancient genomes and the sequenced genomes in the HGDP project (45).…”

Section: Reference Population Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic insights into the differentiated population admixture structure and demographic history of North East Asians

Wang

Zou

et al. 2021

Preprint

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North China and South Siberia, mainly populated by Altaic-speaking populations, possess extensive ethnolinguistic diversity and serve as the crossroad for the initial peopling of America and western-eastern trans-continental communication. Yet, the complex scenarios of genetic origin, population structure, and admixture history of North-East Asia remain to be fully characterized, especially for Mongolic people in China with a genome-wide perspective. Thus, we genotyped genome-wide SNPs for 510 individuals from 38 Chinese Mongolic, Tungusic, and Sinitic populations to explore the sharing alleles and haplotypes within the studied groups and following merged it with 3508 modern and ancient Eurasian individuals to reconstruct the deep evolutionary and natural selection history of northern East Asians. We identified significant substructures within Altaic-speaking populations with the primary common ancestry linked to the Neolithic northern East Asians: Western Turkic people harbored more western Eurasian ancestry; Northern Mongolic people in Siberia and eastern Tungusic people in Amur River Basin (ARB) possessed dominant Neolithic Mongolian Plateau (MP) or ARB ancestry; Southern Mongolic people in China owned obvious genetic impact from Neolithic Yellow River Basin (YRB) farmers. Additionally, we found the differentiated admixture history between western and eastern Mongolians and geographically close Northeast Hans: the former received a genetic impact from western Eurasians and the latter retained the dominant YRB and ARB Neolithic ancestry. Moreover, we demonstrated that Kalmyk people from the northern Caucasus Mountain possessed a strong genetic affinity with Neolithic MP people, supporting the hypothesis of their eastern Eurasian origin and long-distance migration history. We also illuminated that historic pastoral empires in the MP contributed considerably to the gene pool of northern Mongolic people but rarely to southern ones. We finally found natural signatures in Mongolians associated with alcohol metabolism. Generally, our results not only illuminated that complex population migration and admixture of Neolithic ancestral sources from the MP or ARB played an important role in the spread of Altaic-speaking populations and Proto-Altaic language, which partly supported the Northeast Asia-origin hypothesis, but also demonstrated that the observed multi-sources of genetic diversity contributed significantly to the modern existing extensive ethnolinguistic diversity in North-East Asia.

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The genetic assimilation in language borrowing inferred from Jing People

Abstract: We conclude that the formation and language change of present-day Jing people have involved genetic assimilation of surrounding East Asian populations. The language borrowing, in this case, is not only a cultural phenomenon but has involved demic diffusion.

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Genomic insights into Neolithic farming‐related migrations in the junction of east and southeast Asia

Genomic insights into Neolithic farming‐related migrations in the junction of east and southeast Asia

Genomic Insights Into the Demographic History of the Southern Chinese

Genomic insights into the differentiated population admixture structure and demographic history of North East Asians

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