The Furcacaudiformes: a new order of jawless vertebrates with thelodont scales, based on articulated Silurian and Devonian fossils from northern Canada

Wilson, Mark V. H.; Caldwell, Michael W.

doi:10.1080/02724634.1998.10011031

Cited by 48 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…All of these forms are generally placed within the class Agnatha, but if suggestions (Forey 1984;Janvier 1996c) that this class is paraphyletic are followed, it could be argued that the term Agnatha becomes redundant. However, there does not seem to be a consensus on this matter since Wilson and Caldwell (1998) followed traditional practice and placed the new order Furcacaudiformes in the class Agnatha, as did Shu et al (1999) in the case of Lower Cambrian forms from China. We have used the term agnatha' in an informal manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4A) could be interpreted to indicate an anus posterior to the ventral ®n, but such stains could be post-mortal effects resulting in displacement of blood due to rupture of the body cavity and its contents. In the Furcacaudiformes (Wilson and Caldwell 1998) the species Furcacauda fredholmae has a rudimentary pre-anal ®n structure, but this group differs from Cornovichthys in the possession of thelodont-type scales, a dorsal ®n, forked tail, fewer branchial openings, and different general body shape. Janvier (1996a) used the relative position of the ventral ®n to the epichordal lobe to differentiate between Euphanerops and Legendrelepis though, as he stated himself, they may well be congeneric.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Jawless Vertebrate from the Middle Devonian of Scotland

Newman

2001

Palaeontology

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ABSTRACT. A new jawless vertebrate, Cornovichthys blaauweni gen. et sp. nov., is described from a single complete specimen from the Achanarras ®sh bed at Achanarras Quarry in Caithness, northern Scotland. The Achanarras ®sh bed consists of lacustrine laminites and was deposited in a major deep-water phase of the Orcadian lake during the deposition of the cyclic Caithness Flagstone Group. The Achanarras ®sh bed is of Middle Devonian (Eifelian) age. The new animal compares closely with Euphanerops, one of the Frasnian`anaspids' (Hyperoartii) of the Escuminac Formation at Miguasha, Quebec, Canada.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Jawless Vertebrate from the Middle Devonian of Scotland

Newman

2001

Palaeontology

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“…Isolated conodonts and, at least, Palaeozoic fish scales are also similar because they are used for stratigraphic zonation and correlation and this leads to inflation of species names, which can only be halted by finding complete individuals. Indeed, some recently discovered articulated thelodonts showed a body that included scales previously identified on isolated scales as belonging to two separate orders (Wilson & Caldwell 1998). Fortunately, the practice of recognizing species on isolated scales dramatically decreases for Mesozoic and Cenozoic fishes.…”

Section: (A) Recognition Of Species In the Fossil Record (I) Fragmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy and fossils: a critical appraisal

Forey

Fortey

Kenrick

et al. 2004

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Many compendia at the species, genus and family levels document the fossil record, but these are not standardized, nor usually critical in content, and few are available on the World Wide Web. The sampling of the available record is good for organisms with fossilizable parts, but preservational constraints on the entire morphology, life history and geographical distribution lead to difficulties in recognizing and naming species. We recommend abandoning some of the palaeontological species concepts such as chronospecies and stratospecies, and we advocate species recognition based on unique combinations of characters. The compilation of species lists is extremely time consuming, and given the inherent problems we suggest that compilation of generic lists is a more achievable goal because genera are recognized by definitive morphological characters. In calculating taxon duration, care must be taken to distinguish between mono-, paraand polyphyletic groups, the first being the only reliable unit for use in calculating diversity curves. We support the inclusion of fossils into classifications based on Recent organisms, but we recognize some of the problems this may pose for standard Linnaean classifications. Web-based taxonomy is the way forward, having the advantages of speed and currency of information dissemination, universal access with links to primary literature and increasingly sophisticated imagery. These advantages over conventional outlets will only be realized with careful Web design and a commitment to maintenance.

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“…Other key studies on Silurian thelodont taxonomy and biostratigraphy have concentrated on sections away from the Welsh Borderland in the East Baltic (Karataju Åte-Talimaa 1978;Ma Èrss 1982aMa Èrss , b, 1986aMa Èrss , 1989Ma Èrss , 1990Ma Èrss , 1997Karataju Åte-Talimaa et al 1987;Karataju Åte-Talimaa and Brazauskas 1995;Talimaa 2000), West Baltic (Fredholm 1988a(Fredholm , b, 1989(Fredholm , 1990, Russia (Karataju Åte-Talimaa 1970Karataju Åte-Talimaa and Predtechensky 1995;Karataju Åte-Talimaa andMa Èrss 1999, 2002;Ma Èrss and Karataju Åte-Talimaa 2002), Spitsbergen (érvig 1969;Blom and Goujet 2002), Greenland (Blom 1999), Canada Turner and Nowlan 1995;Wilson and Caldwell 1998;Ma Èrss et al 1998Ma Èrss et al , 2002Ma Èrss 1999a;Soehn et al 2000Soehn et al , 2001 and USA (e.g. Stetson 1928;Turner et al 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Thelodonts and distribution of associated conodonts from the Llandovery–lowermost Lochkovian of the Welsh Borderland

Märss

Miller

2004

Palaeontology

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ABSTRACT. Thelodont scales from the Middle Llandovery±lowermost Lochkovian of southern Britain are described with three new taxa, Loganellia? unispinata sp. nov., Nethertonodus prodigialis gen. et sp. nov. and Paralogania tarranti sp. nov. established, and Paralogania kaarmisensis Ma Èrss identi®ed for the ®rst time from Britain. Thelodonts are rare in the Llandovery and Wenlock series where predominantly Loganellia cf. aldridgei Turner, Loganellia scotica (Traquair) and Thelodus sp. are accompanied by coniform conodonts Panderodus Ethington, Decoriconus Cooper and Dapsilodus obliquicostatus (Branson and Mehl). The majority of the material has been recovered from the Ludlow and Pr Ïõ Âdolõ Â series. Thelodus laevis (Pander) and Paralogania martinssoni (Gross) occur in the lower Gorstian. Paralogania kaarmisensis and Phlebolepis elegans Pander come from the Upper Gorstian±Lower Ludfordian and are associated with the zonal conodont Polygnathoides siluricus Branson and Mehl in the upper Gorstian. Thelodus parvidens Agassiz and T. trilobatus Hoppe dominate in the Upper Ludfordian in association with the rarer zonal conodonts Ozarkodina snajdri (Walliser), O. crispa (Walliser) and O. remscheidensis eosteinhornensis (Walliser). The basal Pr Ïõ Âdolõ Â Series indicates a change to a thelodont fauna dominated by Paralogania ludlowiensis (Gross) and including Nethertonodus prodigialis. Higher in the Pr Ïõ Âdolõ Â Series, a succession in faunas includes Katoporodus cf. timanicus (Karataju Åte-Talimaa), Paralogania tarranti, Loganellia? unispinata and Goniporus alatus (Gross). In the highest Pr Ïõ Âdolõ Â beds Paralogania kummerowi (Gross) and Loganellia cuneata (Gross) can be traced before the incoming of the lowermost Devonian taxon Turinia pagei (Powrie) along with Nikolivia gutta Karataju Åte-Talimaa. Correlations with the Baltic are suggested from the Lower Ludlow, Upper Silurian, up to the Lower Lochkovian, Lower Devonian. Gross (1967) studied and described scales from the Ludlow and Temeside Bone Beds and the Psammosteus Limestone, and also scales from some other Devonian outcrops he obtained from O. Walliser of Go Èttingen and T. érvig (1917±1994). Gross (1967) also suggested that British thelodonts were useful for biostratigraphy and correlations with the Baltic and Oslo Region. Turner (1973) gave the distribution of thelodonts from a large number of localities in Britain, recognized a succession of assemblages, and suggested correlations with the Baltic, Scandinavia, Podolia, North Timan, Spitsbergen and Canada. As a result of this study, the distribution of thelodonts was considered when correlating Upper Silurian boundaries in Britain and the Siluro-Devonian boundary in particular (Turner 1977;White and Coppack 1977; Bassett et al. 1982). Thelodonts have been identi®ed from some British borehole studies and used in biostratigraphy (Turner 1973(Turner , 1984(Turner , 2000White and Coppack 1977). New thelodonts were [Palaeontology, Vol. 47, Part 5, 2004 q The Palaeontological Association described during collabo...

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The Furcacaudiformes: a new order of jawless vertebrates with thelodont scales, based on articulated Silurian and Devonian fossils from northern Canada

Cited by 48 publications

References 14 publications

A New Jawless Vertebrate from the Middle Devonian of Scotland

A New Jawless Vertebrate from the Middle Devonian of Scotland

Taxonomy and fossils: a critical appraisal

Thelodonts and distribution of associated conodonts from the Llandovery–lowermost Lochkovian of the Welsh Borderland

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