The Formation of Pyruvic Acid in Barley Respiration

James, G. M.; James, William

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1940.tb07138.x

Cited by 28 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…This effect is distinct from the development of the back component in a reversible reaction and is exerted, for example, by pyruvic acid upon lactic dehydro genase (23,195) and oxaloacetic acid upon malic dehydrogenase (22,49,84,195). It has been turned to account where it is desired to cause an inter mediate product to accumulate, e.g., acetaldehyde poisoning of carboxylase (139), but is obviously of no use if a stoppage of later stages is wanted. It cannot, of course, be assumed that a product will inhibit its own reaction specifically; pyruvic acid appears to inhibit malic dehydrogenase (84) and ascorbic oxidase (156) as well as lactic dehydrogenase.…”

Section: Structural Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Use of Respiratory Inhibitors

James¹

1953

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

157

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Section: Structural Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Use of Respiratory Inhibitors

James¹

1953

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

157

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“…This was demonstrated by the use of the 2,4-dinitrophenlyhydrazine test described by Jowett & Quastel (1937) and the ammonia nitroprusside test described by James & Norval (1938). The latter test is claimed to be more specific, especially for pyruvic acid (James & James, 1940), than the 2, 4-dinitrophenlyhydrazine reaction. Dickens (1946a) suggested that in the case of brain metabolism oxygen may poison the pyruvate oxidase system by attacking the essential -SH groups of the enzyme.…”

Section: Effect Of Oxygen On M Vulgaris 119mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Oxygen on the Growth and Metabolism of the Aerobic Thermophilic Actinomycete Micromonospora vulgaris

Webley¹

1954

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARY: In the presence of pure oxygen at one atmosphere pressure Micromonospora vulgaris is unable to form in liquid media a surface pellicle of growth-bearing aerial mycelium. The production of bottom growth is either unaffected or stimulated by oxygen. Vegetative mycelium which develops from spores in Warburg vessels has an oxygen uptake that is similar in the presence of air or oxygen. Aerial mycelium, harvested from growths in air, shows marked differences as regards oxygen uptake in the presence of air or oxygen; oxygen is inhibitory. Some evidence is presented to show that the effect of oxygen may be connected with the inactivation of essential -SH groups of thiol enzymes.Full and detailed accounts of the isolation, cultivation, temperature/growth relationships and reproduction of the thermophilic actinomycete Micromonospora vulgaris were given by Erikson (1952, 1953a, b). She showed that this organism possesses the most complex reproductive pattern of any actinomycete yet studied, and considers that 'the device of producing a secondary aerial mycelium capable both of further growth and of producing spores, more than doubles the expected life of a mycelial organism a t elevated temperatures'. Erikson & Webley (1953), in a study of the respiration of the different growth phases of this structurally complex organism, found that a high rate of oxygen uptake a t 60" was associated with the presence of aerial mycelium harvested from 1-to %day cultures grown on liquid medium a t 60°, while bottom growth harvested under similar conditions was inactive in this respect. It has now been possible to show that pure oxygen exerts an inhibitory effect on the production of aerial mycelium (in growth experiments) and metabolism of aerial mycelium (respiration experiments; Webley, 1953) of this aerobic organism. The production of vegetative growth is unaffected by these differences in the gas phase. METHODS Organism.The experiments presented here were performed with strain H of Micromonospora vulgaris (Erikson, 1953 a).Technique of growth. Material from 2-day-old growth on liquid CPS medium was used throughout (see Erikson & Webley, 1953).Preparation of spore suspensions and aerial mycelium for the Warburg experiments. Spore suspensions were obtained by shaking the pellicle of growth finally obtained, after washing free of medium, in 5 ml. of ~/ 7 5 phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) on a 'Microid' shaker for 5 min. This process resulted in the detachment of a high proportion of the spores which could be separated from

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“…at about three days appear to operate a typical cytochrome transfer system. The only abnormality noticed is that the a band of the cytochronie "b" present lies at 560 mp not at 564 mp (100). When the seedlings are seven days old the proximal 1 cm.…”

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confidence: 94%