The form of NY-ESO-1 antigen has an impact on the clinical efficacy of anti-tumor vaccination

New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-1 and Cancer Immunotherapy

“…In addition, peptide vaccination using nominal MHC class I epitope adjuvanted with a Toll-like receptor agonist such as stabilized RNA has been demonstrated to induce some anti tumor protection. Clinically relevant anti-NY-ESO-1 immune response is attributed to CTL but not antibodies against NY-ESO-1 [198]. In humans, induction of CTL responses following NY-ESO-1 protein vaccination has been shown to be usually limited to the existence of HLA-B35 and HLA-Cw3 MHC class I alleles [199].…”

Clinical Application of Plasmid-Based Cancer Vaccines

“…Central to this theme is the appreciation that overexpression, ectopic expression, post-translational modification, and conformational alteration are among the changes that render these proteins immunogenic [23]. In a broader context, five classes of tumor-associated antigens have been studied as the basis for immune therapy: mutated, overexpressed, differentiation, cancer-testis, and viral antigens [24].…”

The messenger's great message for vaccination

“…Nucleic acid-based vaccines are more efficacious than protein formulations in triggering cytotoxic T cells [1] and are also not hindered by production issues (on the contrary, recombinant proteins may be hard to produce on a large scale and GMP conditions). Among genetic vaccination methods, messenger RNA (mRNA)-based formulations have been the most recent ones.…”