The Fine Structure of Bovine Nasal Cartilage

Anderson, H. Clarke; Sajdera, Stanley W.

doi:10.1083/jcb.49.3.650

Cited by 131 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Glycosaminoseveral connective tissues (1,4,9,18,23,26,28,31,33,38,41,42,46,47), relatively little is known concerning the ultrastructural distribution of these macromolecules in arteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteoglycans in primate arteries. I. Ultrastructural localization and distribution in the intima.

Wight¹,

Ross²

1975

The Journal of Cell Biology

184

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Proteoglycans were identified and localized histochemically and ultrastructurally in normal and hyperplastic arterial intimas in nonhuman primates (Macaca nemestrina). These regions were consistently more alcianophilic than the adjacent medial layers and this alcianophilia was absent after treatment with glycosaminoglycan-degradative enzymes. Ultrastructurally, the intimal intercellular matrix consisted of numerous, irregularly shaped, 200-500-A diameter granules possessing 30-60-A diameter filamentous projections, and these granules were dispersed between collagen and elastic fibers. The granules exhibited a marked affinity for ruthenium red and were interconnected via their filamentous projections. The ruthenium red-positive granules were intimately associated with the plasma membrane of intimal smooth muscle cells and attached to collagen fibrils and elastic fibers. The matrix granules were completely removed after testicular hyaluronidase or chondroitinase ABC digestion but only partially removed after leech hyaluronidase treatment. These results suggest that the matrix granules contain some hyaluronic acid and one or more isomers of chondroitin sulfate. In addition to the large ruthenium red-positive matrix granules, a smaller class of ruthenium red-positive granule (100-200-A diameter) was present within the basement membranes beneath the endothelium and surrounding the smooth muscle cells. Ruthenium red also exhibited an affinity for the surface coat of the smooth muscle cells. The potential importance of proteoglycans in arterial intimal hyperplasia is discussed.Although the fine structural localization and distribution of proteoglycans 1 has been examined in ~Proteoglycans are defined as high molecular weight protein polysaccharides which consist of glycosaminoglycans (carbohydrate polymers composed of repeating dimers of monosaccharides, one of which is an amino sugar) covalently linked to a protein core. Glycosaminoseveral connective tissues (1,4,9,18,23,26,28,31,33,38,41,42,46,47), relatively little is known concerning the ultrastructural distribution of these macromolecules in arteries.glycans do not exist as free polysaccharides in the intercellular space but always occur bound to protein as a complex.

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“…Glycosaminoseveral connective tissues (1,4,9,18,23,26,28,31,33,38,41,42,46,47), relatively little is known concerning the ultrastructural distribution of these macromolecules in arteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteoglycans in primate arteries. I. Ultrastructural localization and distribution in the intima.

Wight¹,

Ross²

1975

The Journal of Cell Biology

184

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show abstract

“…of the proteoglycan from cartilage, and the polygonal granules are no longer apparent (1,35). Ultrastructural histochemistry, with the use of ruthenium red treatment, and, in other experiments, extraction with guanidine hydrochloride have proven useful in further defining the defect in the bm/bm cartilage matrix.…”

Section: Orkin Williams Cranley Oppke and Bi~own Cartilage Of Bramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since collagen is somewhat denatured by this procedure, samples were then put through a series of decreasing concentrations of the guanidine hydrochloride-salt solution (4 M, 2.5 M, 1.5 M of guanidine hydrochloride) over an 8-h period in order to permit renaturation of the collagen fibrils (1,8). The tissue was then embedded, sectioned, stained, and examined as described previously.…”

Section: Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For ultrastructural studies of cartilage from which proteoglycans had been extracted, 0.5-mm slices of tissue were treated before fixation with 4 M guanidine hydrochloride containing 0.1 M 6-aminohexanoic acid, 0.005 M benzamidine, and 0.05 M Tris, pH 7.3, for 3 days at 4~ in order to extract the proteoglycans (1,35). Since collagen is somewhat denatured by this procedure, samples were then put through a series of decreasing concentrations of the guanidine hydrochloride-salt solution (4 M, 2.5 M, 1.5 M of guanidine hydrochloride) over an 8-h period in order to permit renaturation of the collagen fibrils (1,8).…”

Section: Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the constituents of the extracellular matrix, two macromolecules, cartilage-type collagen (19,36) and cartilage-specific proteoglycans (13,22), are synthesized by the differentiated chondrocytes. Ultrastructurally, this extracellular matrix consists of thin, 200-300 ,~ wide cartilage-type collagen fibrils and polygonal matrix granules of precipitated proteoglycan aggregates (1,6,18,25,(33)(34)(35).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Defects in the cartilaginous growth plates of brachymorphic mice.

Orkin¹,

Williams²,

Cranley³

et al. 1977

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Homozygous brachymorphic (bm/bm) mice are characterized by disproportionately short stature. Newborn bm/bm epiphyseal cartilages are shorter than normal although the cells in the different zones of growth are relatively well organized. The extracellular matrix reacts poorly with stains specific for sulfated glycosaminoglycans. The ultrastructural appearance of the cartilage matrix indicates normal collagen fibrils; however, proteoglycan aggregate granules are smaller than normal and are present in reduced numbers, particularly in the columnar and hypertrophic zones of the growth plate. In addition, a prominent network of fine filaments, which are extractable in 4 M guanidine hydrochloride, are present in the bm/bm cartilage matrix. These findings suggest that a defect affecting the proteoglycan component of cartilage occurs in bm/bm mice.Numerous inherited disorders affect cartilage structure and function in man and other animals. Recently, we have studied cartilage from brachymorphic (bm/bm) mice. This mutant was first described by Lane and Dickie (12), and established by genetic studies as an autosomal recessive condition. Homozygous bm/brn mice are vigorous but have shortened long bones, shortened tails, and dome-shaped skulls. Such findings are consistent with a defect in cartilage development, and Lane and Dickie found the knee joints of 17-24 day old bin~bin mice to be shorter and thicker than normal, although chondrocytes in these epiphyseal growth plates retained good alignment (12).Cartilage is composed predominantly of one cell type, chondrocytes, surrounded by large quantities of extracellular matrix. Of the constituents of the extracellular matrix, two macromolecules, cartilage-type collagen (19, 36) and cartilage-specific proteoglycans (13,22), are synthesized by the differentiated chondrocytes. Ultrastructurally, this extracellular matrix consists of thin, 200-300 ,~ wide cartilage-type collagen fibrils and polygonal matrix granules of precipitated proteoglycan aggregates (1,6,18,25,(33)(34)(35).In examining the cartilaginous epiphyses from bm/bm mice, we have observed alterations in the morphological appearance of the epiphyseal growth plates at different stages of development, as well as differences in the extracellular matrix material which may be related to the abnormalities in tissue development found in this mutant.

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Abnormal Scleral Collagen in Nanophthalmos

Stewart¹

1991

Arch Ophthalmol

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The Fine Structure of Bovine Nasal Cartilage

Cited by 131 publications

References 21 publications

Proteoglycans in primate arteries. I. Ultrastructural localization and distribution in the intima.

Proteoglycans in primate arteries. I. Ultrastructural localization and distribution in the intima.

Defects in the cartilaginous growth plates of brachymorphic mice.

Abnormal Scleral Collagen in Nanophthalmos

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