The fate of Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth. detritus within a tropical reservoir

Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha; Bianchini, Irineu; Okawa, Marco Hiroshi

doi:10.4322/actalb.02202001

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…With each passing day, there was a gradual decrease in conductivity due to the mineralisation of leachate processes by using heterotrophic and assimilation of elements (biological immobilization). The pH values for the anaerobic decomposition presented the same order of magnitude and patterns of temporal variations obtained by Cunha-Santino et al (2010). At first, there was a sharp decrease in pH due to the large number of intermediate compounds which are formed from the predominant process of decomposition of the POC LS, causing acidification of the medium (e.g., formation of ammonium bicarbonate and acid organic).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Anaerobic decomposition of a native and an exotic submersed macrophyte in two tropical reservoirs

Castro

Bianchini

2013

Braz. J. Biol.

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Some aquatic plants have fast metabolism and growth, even at sub-optimal conditions, and become dominant in lentic environments such as large reservoirs, altering the nutrient cycle and impairing their environmental quality. There is great need in the knowledge impact processes of invasive species in aquatic environments, among the major, those related to the decomposition. This study evaluated the anaerobic decomposition of invasive submerged macrophytes Egeria densa Planch, native, and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, exotic in Porto Primavera and Jupiá reservoirs, Paraná basin. We evaluated the decay of organic matter, humification degree of the leached material, electrical conductivity and pH of the decomposition process. Mathematical models were utilised to describe the decomposition patterns over time. Both species showed the same heterogeneous pattern of decay of organic matter and carbon mineralisation. The models of carbon mineralisation, compared with the experimentally obtained data presented were adequate. Both species show no significant differences in the decomposition processes. Incubations of both species presented rapid t ½ for POC mineralisation and low DOC mineralisation.Keywords: mineralisation, mathematical models, lentic system, environmental impact. Decomposição anaeróbica de uma macrófita submersa nativa e de uma exótica em dois reservatórios tropicais ResumoAlgumas plantas aquáticas apresentam rápido metabolismo e desenvolvimento, mesmo em condições subótimas, tornando-se dominantes em ambientes lênticos, como em grandes reservatórios, alterando o ciclo de nutrientes e depreciando a qualidade ambiental. Existe grande necessidade do conhecimento das vias de impacto de espécies invasoras em ambientes aquáticos; dentre as principais, apontam-se as vias de impacto relacionadas à decomposição. Este estudo avaliou a decomposição anaeróbia das macrófitas submersas invasoras Egeria densa Planch., nativa, e da Hydrilla verticillata (Lf) Royle, exótica, nos Reservatórios de Porto Primavera e Jupiá, Bacia do Rio Paraná. Foram avaliados os seguintes aspectos: a decomposição da matéria orgânica, o grau de humificação do material lixiviado e a condutividade elétrica e o pH do processo de decomposição. Modelos matemáticos foram utilizados para descrever os padrões de decomposição ao longo do tempo. Ambas as espécies apresentaram o mesmo padrão heterogêneo de decomposição da matéria orgânica e mineralização do carbono. Os modelos de mineralização do carbono, em comparação com os dados obtidos experimentalmente, apresentaram boa convergência. As espécies não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre si nos processos de decomposição. As incubações das duas espécies apresentaram t½ rápido para a mineralização do COP e baixo, para a mineralização do COD.Palavras-chave: mineralização, modelos matemáticos, ambiente lêntico, impacto ambiental.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Anaerobic decomposition of a native and an exotic submersed macrophyte in two tropical reservoirs

Castro

Bianchini

2013

Braz. J. Biol.

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“…Decomposition studies usually reports an initial increase of DOC followed by a decrease tendency concomitant with MC formation (Bottino et al, 2013). The DOC increasing concentrations trend suggests a refractory nature of DOC (Cunha-Santino et al, 2010) or that this fraction was not rather used by heterotrophic microorganisms and owning of the metal presence. In fact, the DOC uptake was suppressed in all treatment during decomposition of H. coronarium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pb and Zn contamination as rate-regulation agents on decomposition of two emergent macrophytes: a systemic approach

Moitas¹,

Bianchini²

2019

EEC

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Modeling the carbon cycling in aquatic environments is relevant for predicting the detritus processing capacity in metal-affected environments. Considering the potential toxic effect of Zn and Pb on microbial metabolism, we hypothesize that the presence of these metals decreases decomposition rates of macrophytes detritus. We examined the anaerobic decomposition of Hedychium coronarium and Urochloa subquadripara in presence of Zn and Pb at 15 and 25°C. The mass decay was parameterized by first-order kinetic model. The higher concentration of Zn promoted reduction on mineralization of particulate organic carbon (POC) in the U. subquadripara and H. coronarium detritus. The Q 10 (H. coronarium: 0.95 to 1.75 and U. subquadripara: 1.26 to 1.59) showed a positive effect of temperature increasing during macrophytes anaerobic degradation. Considering the metal type and concentration, the high Zn concentration acted as a driving force over POC decay and consequently affecting the yields in the plant detritus mineralization processes since the decrease in POC degradation was effective due to adsorption of metals in this detritus fraction. The use of mathematical models was suitable tool that allows predicting carbon turnover in an ecosystem submitted to an episode of metal contamination.

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“…In the present case, organic carbon enters the medium through plant decomposition, and the release of dissolved compounds is an essential process in the ecosystem 17,18 . TOC is the main source of organic matter for the organisms present in the aquatic ecosystem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of <i>Eichhornia crassipes</i> (Mart.) Solms to Salt Water and its Implications

Imchen¹,

Sawant²,

Ezaz³

2017

Current Science

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In this article, we discuss the effect of salinity on the viability and decomposition of Eichhornia crassipes plant under normal photoperiod, dark condition and physiological response. Highest concentration of total organic carbon (27.43 mg C l -1 ) was recorded in 15 psu salinity after 45 days. The TOC output was more in case of leaf (3.6 mg C l -1 ) than petiole (2.39 mg C l -1 ) under dark condition, after 21 days in freshwater. Salt stress was found to enhance the superoxide dismutase activity at 20 psu in both leaf and petiole. Enzyme activity declined when salt-stressed plants were transferred to nutrient enriched freshwater. This indicated that 20 psu could be a plant's salt tolerance limit. The potential transfer test conducted in this study showed that Eichorrnia introduction through shipping activities is less likely.Keywords: Eichhornia crassipes, salinity stress, superoxide dismutase, total organic carbon.EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (Mart.) Solms (water hyacinth) is an invasive aquatic macrophyte. The ability of the plant to flourish in any condition has made it a noxious and invasive weed in tropical and subtropical regions 1,2 . The plant has a wide range of tolerance to temperature, lighting conditions, pH, drought resistance and salinity 1,3 . The backwaters in Cochin including Cochin Port area, KeralaIndia, become infested by this plant during monsoon when the sluice gates of Thannermukkom salt-water barrier are opened. The sluice gates prevent the E. crassipes plants growing upstream to move downstream. As a consequence, the plant is subjected to a varying range of salinities both in the upstream and downstream areas. The high salinity condition affects the plant and it starts decaying. Further, these plants are also subjected to physical damage, breaking into pieces, due to movement of mechanized boats, trawlers and ships in the area. The dead plants generate detrital matter, which is a major organic source in an aquatic system. The extent of detritus decomposition depends on the type of metabolic activities taking place in the system 4 . During decomposition of the plants, three main types of microbial activity occuraerobic, facultative anaerobic and anaerobic. Besides these, various factors both external and biochemical are also involved in the process of decomposition 4-6 , biotic and abiotic 7,8 . However, some authors have indicated that tissue chemistry influences the decomposition process more than environmental conditions 3,9,10 . Earlier decomposition studies on E. crassipes showed that physical leaching and biological degradation are the two principal processes involved [11][12][13] . Litter decomposition is also influenced by nutrient concentration 14 , water salinity 15 and seasonal periodicity 16 . The sudden appearance of E. crassipes during monsoon in the Port area and its subsequent disappearance, add to the complexity of the ecosystem. It therefore, becomes imperative to investigate the organic matter supply to ecosystem due to plant decomposition. In view of the perennial E. crassip...

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The fate of Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth. detritus within a tropical reservoir

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Anaerobic decomposition of a native and an exotic submersed macrophyte in two tropical reservoirs

Anaerobic decomposition of a native and an exotic submersed macrophyte in two tropical reservoirs

Pb and Zn contamination as rate-regulation agents on decomposition of two emergent macrophytes: a systemic approach

Exposure of <i>Eichhornia crassipes</i> (Mart.) Solms to Salt Water and its Implications

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