The Extended Cloud: Review and Analysis of Mobile Edge Computing and Fog From a Security and Resilience Perspective

Abstract

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) and Fog are emerging computing models that extend the cloud and its services to the edge of the network. The emergence of both MEC and fog introduce new requirements, which mean their supported deployment models must be investigated. In this paper, we point out the influence and strong impact of the extended cloud (i.e., the MEC and fog) on existing communication and networking service models of the cloud. Although the relation between them is fairly evident, there are important properties, notably those of security and resilience, that we study in relation to the newly posed requirements from the MEC and fog. Although security and resilience have been already investigated in the context of the cloud -to a certain extent -existing solutions may not be applicable in the context of the extended cloud. Our approach includes the examination of models and architectures that underpin the extended cloud, and we provide a contemporary discussion on the most evident characteristics associated with them. We examine the technologies that implement these models and architectures, and analyse them with respect to security and resilience requirements. Furthermore, approaches to security and resilience-related mechanisms are examined in the cloud (specifically, anomaly detection and policy based resilience management), and we argue that these can also be applied in order to improve security and achieve resilience in the extended cloud environment.

Security modeling and efficient computation offloading for service workflow in mobile edge computing

“…According to the MD's energy consumption analysis as mentioned in 4.4, the total execution energy ( ) of the workflow can be computed by Eq. (25).…”

“…The architecture of computation offloading in mobile edge computing In addition to the MD's energy consumption, security is another critical concern for mobile applications on cloud computing [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], mobile cloud computing [18][19][20] and mobile edge computing [21][22][23][24][25]. A recent survey reveals that one of the top concerns is security in mobile edge computing [21][22][23][24][25][26]. In particular, these tasks offloaded to the edge servers are vulnerable to hostile attacks from outside.…”

A matching game for tasks offloading in integrated edge‐fog computing systems

“…Consequently, it has been necessary to foresee alternative solutions and, in particular, to move computation toward network edges, nearby end users. Along this direction, two paradigms have been proposed, namely, edge computing (EC) and fog computing (FC) . Both the approaches have in common the extension of CC benefits to network edges.…”

“…Along this direction, two paradigms have been proposed, namely, edge computing (EC) and fog computing (FC). 8 Both the approaches have in common the extension of CC benefits to network edges. In particular, fog systems push computation capabilities down to the outer area level of a network architecture, usually processing data on one or more powerful computation nodes, named fog nodes (FNs), and deployed conveniently close to the end users to perform intensive computation tasks with low latency.…”

Fog Computing and Its Role in the Internet of Things: Concept, Security and Privacy Issues

“…Due to this type of architecture it will automatically improve the quality of service as it will result in reduction of delay while transmitting of data from source to destination. With the lack of control over data and deficiency of transparency give rise to many security concerns, which cause insecurity for organizations that want to "cloudify" their IT infrastructure [1].…”