The Evolution of Sonochemistry: From the Beginnings to Novel Applications

Abstract

Sonochemistry is the use of ultrasonic waves in an aqueous medium, producing acoustic cavitation. In this context, sonochemistry emerged as a focal point over the past few decades, starting as a manageable process such as radar or cleaning technique; now, it is finding wide‐ranging applications across various chemical, physical, and biological processes, creating an opportunity area of analysis between these areas. Sonochemistry is a powerful and eco‐friendly technique often called “green chemistry” for less energy use, toxic reagents, and residues generation, among others. It is increasing the number of applications achieved through the ultrasonic irradiation (USI) method. Sonochemistry has been established as a sustainable and cost‐effective alternative in comparison with the traditional industrial methods, promoting scientific and social well‐being, offering no‐destructive advantages, including rapid processes, improved process efficiency, enhanced product quality, and, in some cases, the retention of key quality characteristics of the products. This versatile technology has significantly contributed to the food industry, materials technology, environmental remediation, and biological research. This review is created with enthusiasm and focus on shedding light on the manifold applications of sonochemistry. It delves into this technique's evolution and current applications in cleaning, environmental remediation, microfluidic, biological, and medical fields.