The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina

Lauritzen, Lotte; Hansen, Harald S.; Jørgensen, Marianne Hørby; Michaelsen, Kim F.

doi:10.1016/s0163-7827(00)00017-5

Cited by 918 publications

(657 citation statements)

References 376 publications

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“…Twibell et al (2000) suggested that the DHA is "captured" by the fish liver, and thus its amount in the muscles is reduced, which would explain such decrease. Moreover, DHA is one of the major components of brain and retinal cell membranes, playing an important role in the formation and operation of these organs (Lauritzen, 2001). Figure 1 shows the profile of the incorporation of isomers 9c, 11t and 10t, 12c, and the total CLA (sum of the two isomers) in the fish fillets fed diets C and D and collected every 7 days.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and α-linolenic acid (LNA) in pacu fillets

et al. 2014

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and α-linolenic acid (LNA) in pacu fillets

et al. 2014

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“…We found that the CDI-score at one year of age appears to be independent of the parent who filled out the questionnaire and that there was a significant correlation between the CDI-scores at one and two years of age. The Danish population has a high intake of n-3 LCPUFA compared to that in many other Western countries [35], which is reflected in relatively high levels of DHA and lower levels of n-6 PUFA in breast-milk and RBC [1,36]. Despite this intervention trial has given evidence of effects on language development, body mass composition (30) and possible visual acuity [29] of an increase in maternal n-3 LCPUFA-intake, indicating that the n-3 PUFA needs of infants may be higher than assumed at the present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, studies supplementing lactating mothers with marine oils have shown that the DHA-intake of breast-fed infants may have beneficial effects on mental development [25][26][27]. The present maternal post-natal FO-supplementation trial was performed in Denmark where the population has a high intake of marine fatty acids compared to that in many other Western countries [35] and thus, higher levels of breast-milk DHA [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation: effect on developmental outcome in breast-fed infants

Lauritzen¹,

et al. 2005

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-Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) accumulates in the brain during the 1st and 2nd years of life. The objective of this study was to see if an increased content of DHA in breast-milk via maternal fish oil (FO)-supplementation affects mental development in term infants. one hundred twenty-two Danish mothers with a habitual fish intake below the population median were randomized to 4.5 g·d -1 of FO or olive oil (OO) for the first four months of lactation. Fifty-three mothers with habitual fish intake in the highest quartile were included as reference group. The effect of the resulting increase in infant DHA-intake and RBC-DHA level was assessed on problem solving ability at nine months and language at one and two years of age. Infants in the three groups performed equally well on the problem test and no association was observed between problem solving and erythrocyte-DHA at four months. Passive vocabulary at one year was lower in the children of the FO-compared with the OOgroup (P < 0.05), but no differences were found at two years of age. Word comprehension at one year was inversely associated with erythrocyte-DHA at four months. The trial indicate a small effect of DHA levels in breast-milk on early language development of breast-fed infants.docosahexaenoic acid / breast-milk / infant development / long-chain n-3 fatty acid / optimal dietary intake Abbreviations: AA: arachidonic acid; CDI: communicative development inventory; DHA: docosahexaenoic acid; FO: fish oil; LCPUFA: long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid; OO: olive oil; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid; RBC: red blood cells.

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“…Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are constituents of the phospholipids of mammalian cell membranes, and as such are vitally important in the normal development and optimal functioning of the brain (for reviews, see [1][2][3][4]). Vertebrates cannot synthesize PUFAs de novo but rather derive them from metabolic precursor molecules of plant origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulate phosphatidylcholine synthesis in PC12 cells

Richardson

Wurtman

2007

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

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The synthesis of phospholipids in mammalian cells is regulated by the availability of three critical precursor pools: those of choline, cytidine triphosphate and diacylglycerol. Diacylglycerols containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) apparently are preferentially utilized for phosphatide synthesis. PUFAs are known to play an important role in the development and function of mammalian brains. We therefore studied the effects of unsaturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids on the overall rates of phospholipid biosynthesis in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) all significantly stimulated the incorporation of 14 C-choline into total cellular phospholipids. In contrast, monounsaturated oleic acid (OA) and the unsaturated palmitic (PA) and stearic (SA) acids did not have this effect. The action of DHA was concentration-dependent between 5 and 50 μM; it became statistically significant by 3 hrs after DHA treatment and then increased over the ensuing 3 hours. DHA was preferentially incorporated into phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS), while AA predominated in phosphatidylcholine (PC).

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The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina

Cited by 918 publications

References 376 publications

Incorporation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and α-linolenic acid (LNA) in pacu fillets

Incorporation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and α-linolenic acid (LNA) in pacu fillets

Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation: effect on developmental outcome in breast-fed infants

Polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulate phosphatidylcholine synthesis in PC12 cells

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