The Essential Oil and Hydrolats from Myristica fragrans Seeds with Magnesium Aluminometasilicate as Excipient: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-inflammatory Activity

Abstract

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oil has antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. We have recently demonstrated that hydrodistillation of nutmeg essential oil by applying magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient significantly increases both the content and amount of bioactive substances in the oil and hydrolats. In this study, we aimed to compare the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity of hydrolats and essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation in the presence and absence of magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method revealed that magnesium aluminometasilicate did not significantly improved antioxidant activity of both essential oil and hydrolat. Antibacterial efficiency was evaluated by monitoring growth of 15 bacterial strains treated by a range of dilutions of the essential oil and the hydrolats. Essential oil with an excipient completely inhibited the growth of E. faecalis, S. mutans (referent), and P. multocida, whereas the pure oil was only efficient against the latter strain. Finally, the anti-inflammatory properties of the substances were assessed in a fibroblast cell culture treated with viral dsRNR mimetic Poly I:C. The essential oil with an excipient protected cells against Poly I:C-induced necrosis more efficiently compared to pure essential oil. Also, both the oil and the hydrolats with aluminometasilicate were more efficient in preventing IL-6 release in the presence of Poly I:C. Our results show that the use of magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient might change and in some cases improve the biological activities of nutmeg essential oil and hydrolats.

Factors Affecting the Retention Efficiency and Physicochemical Properties of Spray Dried Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded with Lippia sidoides Essential Oil

“…Essential oils (EOs) are composed by volatile, natural, and complex hydrophobic compounds produced by the secondary metabolism of plants [1][2][3][4][5]. They represent a green alternative for diverse industrial sectors, such as pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics, health, agriculture, and livestock, given their proven biological activities as bactericidal, antiviral, fungicide, insecticidal, antioxidant, and other activities [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

The Influence of Essential Oils on Gut Microbial Profiles in Pigs

“…Recently, we have investigated some functional products for the active nutraceutical formula which could benefit both humans and animals. Some constituents including bovine colostrum, probiotics and particularly essential oils (EOs), demonstrated good results in vitro [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile compounds isolated from a whole plant or plant part of known taxonomic origin [ 9 ].…”

Antifungal activity of essential oils from Cinnamomum cassia, Myristica fragrans and Syzygium aromaticum against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

“…Finally, for Myristica fragrans, the two samples showed a difference in their essential oil yield value with an average of 2.1 ± 0.64%, which may be related also to the supplier. This yield value is slightly below that reported in the literature for that plant(41).Regarding the expiration date, all samples were within the validity period (the ones that had this information). The chemical characterization of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation was performed by GC-MS.…”