The epidemiology of envenomation via snakebite in the State of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil

Oliveira, Nayana da Rocha; Sousa, Ana Clara da Rocha; Belmino, José Francisdavid Barbosa; Furtado, Sanny da Silva; Leite, Renner de Souza

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0173-2014

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This pattern contrasts sharply with that seen in both Southeast Asia and South America, [15][16][17][18][19] where it is predominantly young men at risk, bitten in the course of agricultural activities. In our area agricultural activities are not reserved for men, and women are responsible for the tending of agricultural fields and the drawing of water from rivers.…”

Section: Clinical Presentationcontrasting

confidence: 79%

Snakebite in north-eastern South Africa: clinical characteristics and risks for severity

Wood

Sartorius

Hift

2016

South African Family Practice

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Objectives:To identify the toxicity profile of snakebites and to assess clinical severity. Methods: An analysis of all patients admitted to Ngwelezane Hospital's Emergency Department with a diagnosis of snakebite over five years was done. All patients were admitted, assessed and standard haematological and biochemical tests were done. Patients were observed for a minimum of 12 hours' observation. Results: In total, 879 cases were analysed. Envenomation was identified in over two-thirds of admissions. Cytotoxic snakebites accounted for 98% of envenomations. Only four cases of haemotoxic bleeding and five cases of neurotoxicity were admitted. Abnormal laboratory indices correlated with severity: INR > 1.5 (odds ratio 2.25, CI 1.12-4.53; p = 0.023), platelets < 100x109/L (OR 2.35, CI 1.01-5.49; p = 0.048), haemoglobin concentration < 8.0 g/dL (OR 5.68, CI 2.15-15.00; p < 0.001) and leucocyte count > 10x109 (OR 3.15, CI 1.89-5.26, p < 0.001). Children and delays to admission correlated to and were predictors of severity. Conclusion: Two-thirds of patients who present to hospital with snakebite will have symptoms of envenomation, with the overwhelming majority having been bitten by cytotoxic species. Some factors correlate to severity and may be useful for anticipating the patient's clinical course.

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Section: Clinical Presentationcontrasting

confidence: 79%

Snakebite in north-eastern South Africa: clinical characteristics and risks for severity

Wood

Sartorius

Hift

2016

South African Family Practice

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“…Nevertheless, this region presents the highest fatality rate of accidents by snakes (Bochner et al, 2014). For the state of Piauí only recently (Oliveira et al, 2015) the first study on epidemiology of snake cases in the region was published. This study indicates that the epidemiological profile of snakebites in the state Piauí is similar to that observed throughout Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, for the state of Piauí only two publications reported envenomations cases, one caused by snakes (Oliveira et al, 2015) and another by scorpions (Carvalho et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animais peçonhentos do estado do Piauí: epidemiologia dos acidentes e lista de espécies de importância médica

Benício¹,

Carvalho²,

Fonseca³

2019

Rev. Bras. Zoociências

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Cases of poisoning have increased considerably in Brazil, however for state of Piauí only two studies were carried out so far. Here, we investigated, through the notification forms, the epidemiological characteristics of cases of poisoning that occurred during 11 years in a macro-region of Picos, state of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil. Furthermore, we also check whether the species recorded in the notification forms correspond to the species that occur in the region. We recorded 1.249 cases of envenomations, being 41% caused by scorpions, 35% caused by snakes and 24% caused by spiders. Most cases (arachnids = 99%, scorpions = 93%, snakes = 52%) there was no identification of species causing the accident. Most of the victims of the accidents (66%) were male individuals between 18 and 24 years from rural areas, stung during field activities in the rainy season (January-March). The most common injury sites were the lower limbs (37%) and the majority (53%) of the accidents was the mild type. This is the first study that reports the epidemiological profile of a series of envenomations (including arachnids and snakes) during 11 years of records in the state of Piauí. Furthermore, we also present the first list of species of arachnids and snakes of medical importance to the state. Our results demonstrate that there was a high incidence of accidents by venomous animals in the Center-South region of the state, most of the records was not notified in SINAN, most records does not present the identification of the species responsible for the accident, and there are records whose species was incorrectly identified.

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“…the elapsed time between the bite and the treatment of patients by injecting anti-venom) was less than 3 h in most cases (75%). Findings from a study in the State of Piaui, north-east Brazil, showed that almost 51% of the snakebites had been brought to the infirmary in less than 3 h. 31 Nonetheless, in this study, only 12% of the victims received clinical attention 6 h after being bitten by snakes; showing that these people had low awareness about the benefits of immediate referral to the health centers after being bitten and also non-optimal access to health centers in that area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic prediction of snake bites in tropical south Iran: Using seasonal time series methods

Ebrahimi

Hamdami

Khademian

et al. 2018

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

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Background: Snakebite envenomation is a vital status necessitating immediate treatment following case detection. Many cases of snakebites are recorded every year due to the suitable climatic conditions for the existence and survival of snakes in south Iran. Methods: In the present retrospective cross-sectional study, 195 snake (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae; Echis carinatus sochureki) bite cases referred to 10 rural health centers, two health care stations and the Haji-Abad Central Hospital of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS) were surveyed during 2012-2016. Seasonal time series models were applied to fit a linear model to describe and predict the monthly trend of snakebite cases. Results: Among these patients, males (70%, 136) from rural areas (79.5%, 155) were mostly recorded. The mean (± SD) age of victims was 33 (± 17.0) years old and the most common age group was 20-29 years (32%). Most snakebites took place outdoors (80%), on hands and legs (97%), and among unemployed people and farmers (61.0%). Snakebites often happened between midnight and 6 am (32%); also 51% of them occurred during summer. Most (70%) patients had pain at the bite sites. The location of being bitten (indoors or outdoors) had a significant difference with patient's sex (χ 2 = 7.764, P = 0.021). Conclusions: Time series analysis proposed a mixed seasonal autoregressive moving average, ARMA × (1, 0) (1, 1) 12 as the best process for the monthly trend of snakebite and to predict the incidence of snakebites. Local residents should be more cautious on snakebites during warm seasons.

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The epidemiology of envenomation via snakebite in the State of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Snakebite in north-eastern South Africa: clinical characteristics and risks for severity

Snakebite in north-eastern South Africa: clinical characteristics and risks for severity

Animais peçonhentos do estado do Piauí: epidemiologia dos acidentes e lista de espécies de importância médica

Epidemiologic prediction of snake bites in tropical south Iran: Using seasonal time series methods

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