The Epidemiological, Morphological, and Clinical Aspects of the Cervical Ribs in Humans

Spadliński, Łukasz; Cecot, Tomasz; Majos, Agata; Stefańczyk, Ludomir; Pietruszewska, Wioletta; Wysiadecki, Grzegorz; Topol, Mirosław; Polguj, Michał

doi:10.1155/2016/8034613

Cited by 38 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It is commonly known that incomplete ribs only affect the brachial plexus, whereas complete ribs also have an impact on the subclavian artery. 7 The paraxial system gives rise to the skeleton. The mesodermal cells give rise to somites on either side of the neural tube.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical Rib: A Rare Differential of a Supraclavicular Mass

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical Rib: A Rare Differential of a Supraclavicular Mass

et al. 2020

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“…Cervical ribs are an anatomical anomaly that can lead to inaccurate numerical identification of the level during cervical spine surgery. This anomaly is a supernumerary or extra rib that arises usually from the seventh cervical vertebra [10]. However, these cervical ribs may arise from the fourth, fifth, or sixth cervical vertebra as well [10,11].…”

Section: Cervical Ribsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This anomaly is a supernumerary or extra rib that arises usually from the seventh cervical vertebra [10]. However, these cervical ribs may arise from the fourth, fifth, or sixth cervical vertebra as well [10,11]. There are two types of cervical ribs: complete and incomplete.…”

Section: Cervical Ribsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complete ribs are those that articulate with the first rib, whereas incomplete ribs are those that end freely in the neck's soft tissues. Studies have shown that their occurrence varies from 0.58% to 6.2% depending on the population [10]. This anomaly occurs more commonly bilaterally and in females [12], and is believed to be attributable to mutations in the Hox genes [10].…”

Section: Cervical Ribsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that their occurrence varies from 0.58% to 6.2% depending on the population [10]. This anomaly occurs more commonly bilaterally and in females [12], and is believed to be attributable to mutations in the Hox genes [10]. These supernumerary cervical ribs can cause difficulty in identifying the proper level during cervical spine surgery and thus can lead to surgery at the wrong level.…”

Section: Cervical Ribsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical Variations That Can Lead to Spine Surgery at the Wrong Level: Part I, Cervical Spine

Shah¹,

Halalmeh²,

Sandio³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Spine surgery at the wrong level is an adversity that many spine surgeons will encounter in their career, and it falls under the wrong-site surgery sentinel events reporting system. The cervical spine is the second most common location in the spine at which surgery is performed at the wrong level. Anatomical variations of the cervical spine are one of the most important incriminating risk factors. These anomalies include craniocervical junction abnormalities, cervical ribs, hemivertebrae, and block/fused vertebrae. In addition, patient characteristics, such as tumors, infection, previous cervical spine surgery, obesity, and osteoporosis, play an important role in the development of cervical surgery at the wrong level. These were described, and several effective techniques to prevent this error were provided. A thorough review of the English-language literature was performed in the database PubMed between 1981 and 2019 to review and summarize these risk factors. Compulsive attention to these factors is essential to ensure patient safety. Therefore, the surgeon must carefully review the patient's anatomy and characteristics through imaging and collaborate with radiologists to reduce the likelihood of performing cervical spine surgery at the wrong level.

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A study on the vertebral column of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Serpentes, Natricidae) from Denizli (western Anatolia, Turkey)

Akat Çömden,

Yenmiş,

Kytyr

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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The vertebral anatomy of snakes has attracted the attention of researchers for decades and numerous studies have been made for extinct and extant species. The present study investigated the morphological variations in vertebral structure among different vertebral regions in the dice snake Natrix tessellata, and provides a detailed anatomical and microstructural description of the vertebral column. Vertebrae were analyzed and compared using x‐ray imaging, scanning electron microscopy, micro‐computed tomography, and histological techniques. The vertebral column of N. tessellata is divided into three regions: precloacal, cloacal, and caudal. Unlike in many other tetrapods and snakes, the atlas of N. tessellata does not form a complete ring. It has a flat and roughly trilobate shape with a prominent middle lobe. The axis has two hypapophyses. The anterior precloacal region of the vertebral column has longer and more paddle‐shaped hypapophyses, distinguishing it from the posterior and mid‐trunk vertebrae. The anterior cloacal vertebrae have a short hypapophysis rather than a hemal keel, and the lymphapophysis extends outward, curving slightly. The cotyle and condyle of the caudal vertebrae exhibited a closer resemblance to a rounded shape, while the pleurapophysis extended ventrolaterally and curved ventrally near its distal end. Paired hemapophyses were present at the posterior‐most point of the centrum instead of a hypapophysis. In light of previous fossil findings, our anatomical comparison of the vertebral and transverse processes indicates that the extant Natrix has a more flexible and less rigid spine than its ancestors. Overall, the vertebral differences among snake anatomical regions or taxa are a testament to the remarkable diversity and adaptability of these fascinating reptiles.

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The Epidemiological, Morphological, and Clinical Aspects of the Cervical Ribs in Humans

Cited by 38 publications

References 39 publications

Cervical Rib: A Rare Differential of a Supraclavicular Mass

Cervical Rib: A Rare Differential of a Supraclavicular Mass

Anatomical Variations That Can Lead to Spine Surgery at the Wrong Level: Part I, Cervical Spine

A study on the vertebral column of the dice snake Natrix tessellata (Serpentes, Natricidae) from Denizli (western Anatolia, Turkey)

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