The Environmental Criteria as a Strategy to Adapt Climate Changes in Iraq

Abstract

The Climate change appears obviously in the world, especially in hot climate regions like Iraq, because of their proximity to the equator and the geographical desert nature, which requires strategies to adapt climate change in effective ways. One of the most prominent of these strategies is the implemented of environmental criteria for buildings, to minimize the climate change effect. This research problem is that no obvious perception for the obstacles and the assistant methods for adopted environmental criteria as a strategy to adapt climate changes in Iraq". To solve this problem a questionnaire were designed about the main research indicators and delivered to the building industry practitioners. Statistical analysis were used to calculate the results, using IBM SPSS V23 software, the results find that the obstacles of application environmental criteria are economic, social, technical, and legislation. And the assistant method includes developing technical aspects, enabling human resources, cooperation with responsible authorities and decision-makers, and community awareness. The results indicated many recommendations for the local government, community organizations and the workers to implement environmental criteria as a strategy to adapted climate change in Iraq.

Reducing the cost of energy used for adaptation by using different exterior wall covering materials in Iraq

“…The amount of heat gained for the outer shell of the building structure consists of the sum of the amounts of heat transferred in the steady-state (caused by the difference in air temperatures inside and outside the building) and the unstable state (caused by the difference in the intensity of solar radiation falling on the roofs of the building). And the value of the amount of heat gained depends on the amount of heat conduction, specific heat, and the density and thickness of the wall components [34]- [36]. It makes it stores part of the heat that is transmitted through it, as fluctuations in the temperature of the outer surface do not appear with similar fluctuations to the temperature of the inner surface, which means that the structural materials that make up the wall increase the amount of time delay of heat transfer, and cause the indoor air to remain cold [36].…”

“…And the value of the amount of heat gained depends on the amount of heat conduction, specific heat, and the density and thickness of the wall components [34]- [36]. It makes it stores part of the heat that is transmitted through it, as fluctuations in the temperature of the outer surface do not appear with similar fluctuations to the temperature of the inner surface, which means that the structural materials that make up the wall increase the amount of time delay of heat transfer, and cause the indoor air to remain cold [36]. The temperature of the building's internal walls rises after a short period, which raises the temperature of the building's internal air to higher levels [37].…”