The emergence of Beijing family genotypes of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>and low-level protection by bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccines: is there a link?

Abebe, Fekadu; Bjune, Gunnar

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03162.x

Cited by 87 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Although the modern and ancient Beijing strains seem to be closely related on the genetic level (30), differences in association with (multi)drug resistance and in the ability to cause and spread disease (31) have been described between both sublineages. Moreover, after several studies suggested enhanced ability of Beijing strains in general to circumvent BCG-vaccine induced immunity (13,14), one study reported that modern Beijing strains were isolated more frequently from BCG-vaccinated patients than nonvaccinated individuals (9). The observation that the interaction of modern Beijing strains with the immune system is different than that of ancient strains was further confirmed by a recent study that described differences in pro-inflammatory cytokine induction for both strains (32).…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

“…However, multiple studies have shown that modern Beijing strains are more "successful" in terms of transmission and development of antibiotic resistance (13,14,31,65,66). Moreover, in most geographic areas with a higher density of Beijing strains the modern Beijing strain are predominant, except for Japan (28).…”

Section: Selection Of M Tuberculosis Beijing Genotypementioning

confidence: 99%

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Disclosure of Selective Advantages in the “modern” Sublineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype Family by Quantitative Proteomics

Keijzer

Haas

et al. 2014

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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The Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype, consisting of the more ancient (atypical) and modern (typical) emerging sublineage, is one of the most prevalent and genetically conserved genotype families and has often been associated with multidrug resistance. In this study, we employed a 2D-LC-FTICR MS approach, combined with dimethylation of tryptic peptides, to systematically compare protein abundance levels of ancient and modern Beijing strains and identify differences that could be associated with successful spread of the modern sublineage. The data is available via ProteomeXchange using the identifier PXD000931. Despite the highly uniform protein abundance ratios in both sublineages, we identified four proteins as differentially regulated between both sublineages, which could explain the apparent increased adaptation of the modern Beijing strains. These proteins are; Rv0450c/ MmpL4, Rv1269c, Rv3137, and Rv3283/sseA. Transcriptional and functional analysis of these proteins in a large cohort of 29 Beijing strains showed that the mRNA levels of Rv0450c/MmpL4 are significantly higher in modern Beijing strains, whereas we also provide evidence that Rv3283/ sseA is less abundant in the modern Beijing sublineage. Our findings provide a possible explanation for the increased virulence and success of the modern Beijing sublineage. In addition, in the established dataset of 1817 proteins, we demonstrate the pre-existence of several, possibly unique, antibiotic efflux pumps in the proteome of the Beijing strains. This may reflect an increased ability of Beijing strains to escape exposure to antituberculosis drugs. Molecular & Cellular

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confidence: 53%

Section: Selection Of M Tuberculosis Beijing Genotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Disclosure of Selective Advantages in the “modern” Sublineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype Family by Quantitative Proteomics

Keijzer

Haas

et al. 2014

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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“…This could be a plausible explanation, and the fact that in this study we showed that, within the most prevalent strain families, particular genotypes predominated lends further support to this assumption. This finding warrants further evaluation, using animal models, of the ability of the predominant ST50 and ST42 genotypes to circumvent BCG vaccination as previously shown for Beijing strains (Lopez et al, 2003;Abebe & Bjune, 2006). Moreover, consanguinity and endogamy, which can reach 50 % in certain Tunisian areas (Ben Arab et al, 2004;Riou et al, 1989), may have contributed to the accommodation of particular M. tuberculosis genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The factors contributing to the adaptability of M. tuberculosis strains or lineages to a particular population are poorly understood and several may be involved. Among these, selective pressure imposed by Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination could have played an important role (Abebe & Bjune, 2006;Gagneux et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Tunisia: predominance and evidence for the establishment of a few genotypes

Namouchi

Karboul

Mhenni

et al. 2008

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Typing analyses of 378 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates collected between the years 2001 and 2005 from three northern representative regions of Tunisia revealed a highly homogeneous population. Indeed, 84.9 % of all tuberculosis (TB) cases were attributed to the Haarlem, LAM or T families. Strikingly, within each family, more than 60 % of TB cases were due to a single genotype. ST50 (Haarlem3) and ST42 (LAM9) genotypes were exceptionally predominant, representing 46.3 % of all typed isolates. ST50 showed an increased tendency for clustering and was more predominant in the extreme north of the country. By contrast, the more widespread ST42, which was apparently prevalent 17 years ago, displayed weak cluster individualization and a low transmission rate, consistent with its stable association with the Tunisian population. It is believed that both mass BCG vaccination, strictly applied for four decades, and the high endogamy rate that characterizes the Tunisian population could have profoundly shaped the population structure of M. tuberculosis by concurrently favouring the selection and accommodation of particular genotypes.

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“…They are thought to have emerged from China where BCG vaccination has been implemented for almost two decades and that this vaccination favored their selection, resisting BCG-induced immunity [72]. Beijing strains are also found to demonstrate distinct expression patterns of proteins; several species of α-crystallin (a known M. tuberculosis virulence factor) are enhanced, while there is decreased expression of heat shock protein of 65 kDa and many others [72]. In addition, the Beijing family strains produce high levels of phenolic glycolipid (PGL-tb), not made by H37Rv.…”

Section: Genetics Of Natural Populations Of M Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining mycobacteria: Shared and specific genome features for different lifestyles

Vissa

Sakamuri

et al. 2009

Indian J Microbiol

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During the last decade, the combination of rapid whole genome sequencing capabilities, application of genetic and computational tools, and establishment of model systems for the study of a range of species for a spectrum of biological questions has enhanced our cumulative knowledge of mycobacteria in terms of their growth properties and requirements. The adaption of the corynebacterial surrogate system has simplifi ed the study of cell wall biosynthetic machinery common to actinobacteria. Comparative genomics supported by experimentation reveals that superimposed on a common core of 'mycobacterial' gene set, pathogenic mycobacteria are endowed with multiple copies of several protein families that encode novel secretion and transport systems such as mce and esx; immunomodulators named PE/PPE proteins, and polyketide synthases for synthesis of complex lipids. The precise timing of expression, engagement and interactions involving one or more of these redundant proteins in their host environments likely play a role in the defi nition and differentiation of species and their disease phenotypes. Besides these, only a few species specifi c 'virulence' factors i.e., macromolecules have been discovered. Other subtleties may also arise from modifi cations of shared macromolecules. In contrast, to cope with the broad and changing growth conditions, their saprophytic relatives have larger genomes, in which the excess coding capacity is dedicated to transcriptional regulators, transporters for nutrients and toxic metabolites, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and catabolic pathways. In this review, we present a sampling of the tools and techniques that are being implemented to tease apart aspects of physiology, phylogeny, ecology and pathology and illustrate the dominant genomic characteristics of representative species. The investigation of clinical isolates, natural disease states and discovery of new diagnostics, vaccines and drugs for existing and emerging mycobacterial diseases, particularly for multidrug resistant strains are the challenges in the coming decades.

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The emergence of Beijing family genotypes ofMycobacterium tuberculosisand low-level protection by bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccines: is there a link?

Abstract: SummaryThe world is confronted with major tuberculosis (TB) outbreaks at a time when the protection of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has become inconsistent and controversial. Major

Cited by 87 publications

References 86 publications

Disclosure of Selective Advantages in the “modern” Sublineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype Family by Quantitative Proteomics

Disclosure of Selective Advantages in the “modern” Sublineage of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype Family by Quantitative Proteomics

Genetic profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Tunisia: predominance and evidence for the establishment of a few genotypes

Defining mycobacteria: Shared and specific genome features for different lifestyles

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