The electrical resistance response of continuous carbon fibre composite laminates to mechanical strain

Angelidis, N.; Wei, C. Y.; Irving, P.E.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.03.020

Cited by 127 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…They also explain that the negative piezoresistance is due to the realignment of carbon fibers during tensile loading in the fiber direction. Angelidis and others (60) have reported that positive piezoresistance has been obtained using the four-probe method with electrodes made from silver paste and negative piezoresistance has been obtained with electrodes made from carbon paste. They showed that the low reliability of electrodes made from carbon paste caused the negative piezoresistance: electrical contact is attained only at several discrete points with the carbon paste electrodes causing a complicated electrical current path in the specimen.…”

Section: Controversy Between Four-probe and Two-probe Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain and Damage Monitoring of CFRP Laminates by Means of Electrical Resistance Measurement

Todoroki

Ueda

Hirano

2007

JMMP

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This review discusses the use of electrical resistance and potential change in various methods for monitoring Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) composites. CFRP composites have electrical conductivity as they contain carbon fibers. When fibers and fiber networks break within the structure its electrical resistance changes; the electrical resistance of carbon fiber changes with the applied strain just as physical resistance varies in a conventional strain gage. Using these changes in electrical resistance damage to CFRP composites can be monitored and applied strain measured without implementation of additional sensors. This makes CFRP a self-sensing material. The electrical resistance change method has been applied for decades to detect carbon fiber breakages. As regards the measurement of applied strain, there is divergence of opinion amongst researchers about the piezoresistance of CFRP. This discrepancy is discussed in detail in this review. For monitoring damage such as delamination cracks, the electrical resistance change method can accurately estimate the location and dimension of the damage. This review also discusses electrical potential change and eddy current methods for monitoring CFRP composites.

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Section: Controversy Between Four-probe and Two-probe Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain and Damage Monitoring of CFRP Laminates by Means of Electrical Resistance Measurement

Todoroki

Ueda

Hirano

2007

JMMP

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“…Similar usage of glass fibers in optical property sensing is another possibility. Although significant work has already been done in damage detection with self-sensing [67][68][69], it is the belief of the authors that the first steps in in-line monitoring via self-sensing composites are being made at the moment by studies such as [19,48,50,70].…”

Section: Discussion 31 Emerging Trends and Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the production of FRP composites: A review of in-line sensing methods

Konstantopoulos¹,

Fauster²,

Schledjewski³

2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract.Composites manufacturing is characterized by many degrees of freedom. Different materials, geometries and thermo-dynamical conditions contribute to a behavior that is difficult to predict. Monitoring the running process (in-line monitoring) eliminates the need for prediction; real time data provided by appropriate sensing systems can be used in the direction of process optimization, quality upgrade or material characterization. The aim of the review at hand is to record and discuss the latest progress in the field of in-line composites monitoring with a focus on Fiber Reinforced Polymericbased (FRP) composite structures. Summaries of each sensor's principles of operation, appropriate association with polymer/composite properties detection, brief descriptions of representative studies, a critical overview of implementation aspects and discussion on the upcoming trends, contribute in constructing a complete picture.

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“…When delaminations and matrix cracks are created the residual stress in the laminate is released locally. The electric conductivity of CFRP laminate may change in proportion to strain due to its piezoresistivity (25)~ (27) . Electric conductivity of the laminate may, therefore, change locally due to the creation of Vol.…”

Section: Finite Element Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Study on Delamination Identification in Quasi-Isotropic CFRP Laminate by Residual Stress Release Using the Electric Potential Change Method

Ueda

Todoroki

2008

JMMP

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The electric potential change method (EPCM) was applied to identify delamination in quasi-isotropic carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate. The authors have introduced EPCM previously to detect delamination in a cross-ply CFRP laminate although it was difficult to apply to quasi-isotropic CFRP laminate because of its complicated electric anisotropy. In this study, a new concept was introduced to resolve this problem. Residual stress that developed during the curing process in CFRP laminate fabrication was utilized. This residual stress was released locally by the creation of a delamination which resulted in a local strain variation on the laminate surface. Since the electric conductivity of CFRP may change with applied strain because of its piezoresistivity a CFRP cloth was used as a strain sensor. The release of residual stress was detected as an electric potential change of the CFRP cloth by applying electric current to the laminate. The delamination location and size were estimated from electric potential changes. A finite element study was performed to investigate the applicability of the method. Two steps of finite element analysis were performed to calculate the electric potential change due to delaminations and matrix cracks, structural analyses to calculate strain variation due to release of the residual stress by the delamination and then electric field analyses to calculate electric potential change due to strain variation. The delamination location and size were estimated from electric potential changes using a response surface methodology. A numerical simulation was successful in estimating delaminations in quasi-isotropic CFRP laminate.

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The electrical resistance response of continuous carbon fibre composite laminates to mechanical strain

Cited by 127 publications

References 16 publications

Strain and Damage Monitoring of CFRP Laminates by Means of Electrical Resistance Measurement

Strain and Damage Monitoring of CFRP Laminates by Means of Electrical Resistance Measurement

Monitoring the production of FRP composites: A review of in-line sensing methods

Finite Element Study on Delamination Identification in Quasi-Isotropic CFRP Laminate by Residual Stress Release Using the Electric Potential Change Method

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