1960
DOI: 10.1037/h0041412
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The effects of violations of assumptions underlying the t test.

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Cited by 668 publications
(359 citation statements)
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“…In addition, the sample sizes varied considerably between the study groups. Although it was suggested that t-tests as well as χ 2 -tests could be used to compare groups with unequal sample sizes, the statistical power of the tests is usually limited by the smaller sub-sample (Boneau, 1960;McHugh, 2013). In small samples (or those with low base rates) the power to detect statistical differences is rather low, meaning that only very pronounced differences will reach statistical significance.…”
Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, the sample sizes varied considerably between the study groups. Although it was suggested that t-tests as well as χ 2 -tests could be used to compare groups with unequal sample sizes, the statistical power of the tests is usually limited by the smaller sub-sample (Boneau, 1960;McHugh, 2013). In small samples (or those with low base rates) the power to detect statistical differences is rather low, meaning that only very pronounced differences will reach statistical significance.…”
Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Levantamento bibliográfi co entre um grupo considerado altamente qualifi cado (doutorandos diretamente envolvidos no desenvolvimento de projetos de pesquisa) existe grande falta de conhecimento sobre o assunto 8 .…”
Section: Métodounclassified
“…Refl exo disso pode ser observado no fato de que mesmo entre artigos publicados em periódicos internacionais de alto impacto, existe signifi cativa ocorrência de erro durante a aplicação de procedimentos estatísticos 8,10 . Estudos demonstram que a checagem de pressupostos para utilização de testes estatísticos é reportada em apenas 8-25% dos estudos 8,[11][12] .…”
Section: Métodounclassified
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