The Effects of Urtica Dioica Root and Rosa Damascena Mill Petal Extracts on Andropause symptoms and Reproductive Characteristics of Middle-age Male Rats

Abstract

Background Andropause starts in middle-aged men and affects hormonal balance and behavioral/sexual functions. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of two Rosa Damascena Mill. (Rosaceae, Rosa) and Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae, Urtica); in relieving andropause symptoms due to their antioxidant and reproductive properties. Methods Animals were allocated into five groups including the young, control vehicle, Rosa, Urtica and Rosa + Urtica groups. Behavioral tests were performed. Sperm parameters and sex hormones were also assessed. Results Both extracts, especially in combined form increased preference index and muscle strength and decreased the level of depression significantly. Semen quality increased in the extract-treated groups. Testosterone level was increased significantly in the Rosa + Urtica group in middle-aged animals after 50 days of treatment. luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and the level of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) also changed in the extract-treated groups. Conclusions Rosa Damascena Mill and Urtica dioica can change testosterone level in the middle-aged animals and also ameliorate andropause symptoms. Mood, muscle strength and cognition would improve following administration of these herbs. The herbal nature of these extracts and their worldwide use in traditional medicine make them more appropriate for human studies and applications.