The Effects of Suillus Luteus Inoculation on Rhizospheric Fungal Community Diversity and Structure of Pinus Massoniana in Mining Area

Abstract

BackgroundAs important decomposers and plant symbionts, soil fungal communities play a major role in remediating heavy metal polluted soils. However, diversity and structure of fungal communities generally remain unclear in mining area. This study aimed to assess the rhizospheric fungal community composition of masson’s pine (Pinus massoniana) in lead-zinc mining area of Suxian district, Hunan Province, China. The experiment was treated as three ways: masson’s pine inoculated with or without Suillus luteus and bulk soil without plant as control. ResultsThe results showed that the inoculation of ectomycorrhizal fungi could enlarge the plants’ capability to absorb heavy metals and secrete soil enzymes. The richness and diversity of fungi in rhizospheric soil were significantly higher than bulk soil (p＜0.05), but no obvious difference between rhizospheric soils inoculated with and without ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi while the community structure was changed. The rhizospheric fungi belong to 6 phylum, 25 classes, 65 orders, 115 families and 150 genera and the dominant phyla were Chytridiomycota (50.49%), Ascomycota (38.54%), and Basidiomycota (9.02%). By using LEfSe and heatmap, the relative abundance of Suillus, Paraglomus, Agaricus, and Tulasnella were the highest with ECM fungi inoculation. Redundant analysis (RDA) showed that the community structure significantly changed with ECM fungi inoculation, which was significantly related to soil water content, carbon nitrogen ratio, bulk density, available potassium, and soil enzymes. ConclusionsAll together, the inoculation with ECM fungi may change the inhabit environment of microorganisms and the dominant fungi in soil, which provided a screening of keystone species in the heavy metal-contaminated mining area.