The effects of soy lecithin–enriched Artemia on growth and survival of the early stages of green tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus)

Abstract

The lecithin (LST) requirements for young and adult crustaceans have been investigated, and little information is available for early life stages. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the best Artemia enrichment levels with soy lecithin as a means of maintaining better survival, growth rate, and total length during the early stages (mysis 1 to post-larva 7) of the green tiger shrimp, Penaeus semisulcatus. Artemia enrichment at five different lecithin levels (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4% soy lecithin) was carried out by aeration. At the end of the experiment, survival and total length were clearly affected by the enrichment process. The larvae grown from M1 to PL1 or to PL7 displayed higher survival (93.1-93.3% at PL1 or 83.9-84.1% at PL7) in LST2-3 compared with those fed the CT or LST1 treatments. The largest larval total length (TL) at PL1 (5.93-6.04 mm TL) or PL7 (8.99-9.06 mm TL) was observed in shrimp fed the LST2-4 treatments. Daily growth rates of the PLs (0.50-0.51 mm/day TL) fed the LST2-4-enriched groups were also significantly greater than those of the CT group. In general, growth, total length, and survival of shrimp PL-fed Artemia enriched with 2, 3, or 4% LST did not differ significantly from each other, but did perform significantly better than those fed the CT or LST1 treatments. Consequently, this study confirms that if lecithin is desired to be evaluated and used according to its field of activity and Artemia enriched with 2-3% LST for 24 h, it can effectively improve the total length and survival of the early stages of P. semisulcatus and 4% LST can positively affect growth rate and whole-body fatty acid composition especially DHA.

Effect of dietary soy-lecithin on growth and body composition of Indian black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798) reared under hyperosmotic stress condition

“…Gong et al (2004) documented that the supplementation of phospholipids increased the osmoregulatory capacity of the shrimps. Furthermore, soy-lecithin is not only a source of energy but also has a considerable quantity of essential fatty acids, phosphorus and vitamins that would help to stabilise cell membranes and improve digestion, absorption and consumption of nutrients, especially lipids (Yilmaz, 2020). Similarly, Sanchez et al (2014) found that P. vannamei fed 4% soy-lecithin grew faster than those fed 1% soy-lecithin, who suggested that this beneficial effect was due to increased lipid deposition and energy availability for growth, which might be attributed to increased transport and mobilisation of lipids from the hepatopancreas to the haemolymph and other tissues.…”

“…The performance is better with high dietary phospholipids than diets high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Phospholipids, in general, are rich in soy-lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) and have been shown to improve the growth of various penaeid shrimps such as P. japonicus (Kontara et al, 1997), P. monodon (Khan et al, 2018), P. semisulcatus (Yilmaz, 2020) and P. vannamei (Yan et al, 2020). However, the optimised values varied in the earlier reports for aquatic species and were in the range of 1-3% in crustaceans and 1.5-12% for fish (NRC, 2011).…”

Enrichment of Artemia franciscana with soybean-lecithin and its beneficial effect on biochemical composition of broodstocks and fatty acids composition of eggs in Cichlid Green Terror (Aequidens rivulatus)

“…Lecithin is composed of phospholipids and has a main role in sh liver also it is a career for fatty acids as an emulsi er in biological absorption systems (Gisbert et al 2005). Moreover, lecithin has phosphorus, vitamins, essential fatty acids, energy resources also can enhance the fat digestion and absorption and improve cell membrane's function (Yilmaz 2020). Lecithin can affect the growth performance of sh because of the several of antioxidant capacity and the fatty acid pro le of feed (Yilmaz 2020).…”

“…Moreover, lecithin has phosphorus, vitamins, essential fatty acids, energy resources also can enhance the fat digestion and absorption and improve cell membrane's function (Yilmaz 2020). Lecithin can affect the growth performance of sh because of the several of antioxidant capacity and the fatty acid pro le of feed (Yilmaz 2020). According to the Tan et al (2022) the soybean lecithin improved the structure of intestine, increased muscular thickness and mucosal fold height of the mid-intestinal tissue and diet enhanced the transcriptional level of fatty acid activation-related genes (acsl6 and acsbg2) of the rock bream larvae.…”

“…to 16.98%). The crude lipid content in soy lecithin-enriched Artemia increased by 14.2%(Yilmaz 2020). Non-polar lipids are triglycerides, waxes, and free fatty acids.…”