The effects of social networks on tobacco use among high-school adolescents in Mexico

Ramírez-Ortiz, Guadalupe; Caballero-Hoyos, Ramiro; Ramírez-López, Guadalupe; Valente, Thomas W.

doi:10.1590/s0036-36342012000400014

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Social smoking among adolescents provides opportunities for bonding and group membership that may transition from one time or space (e.g., day time in schools) to another (e.g., evening and nights during parties and clubbing) [ 47 ]. Even though most adolescents minimize the importance of peer influence over their smoking behavior, they readily describe social interchange networks, in which simultaneous cigarette smoking and sharing occurs [ 23 ]. These findings provide evidence for the operation of self-selection and peer-influence processes on adolescent smoking behaviors [ 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the factors that contribute to making adolescents living in Mexico a particularly vulnerable risk group for tobacco use include but may not be limited to easy access to cigarettes [ 22 ], peer pressure [ 23 ], social acceptability [ 24 ], parental use [ 24 , 25 ], aggressive tobacco industry marketing [ 21 , 26 ], and most importantly, the fact that even though smoking in enclosed public places (i.e., offices, schools, government buildings, and restaurants) is strictly prohibited, compliance is low [ 27 – 29 ]. Further exacerbating the problem is the reality that in Mexico, tobacco companies are allowed to sell “kiddie packs” and even “individual cigarettes” mainly by street vendors (many of them kids themselves) [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adolescents’ smoking experiences, family structure, parental smoking and socio-economic status in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Bird

Staines-Orozco

Moraros

2016

Int J Equity Health

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BackgroundCigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Tobacco use and secondhand-tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure are classified as a pediatric disease. In Mexico, the prevalence of smoking has decreased among adults but paradoxically increased among adolescents, particularly among young females. This study was designed to determine the association between adolescents’ smoking experiences (smoking behaviors and second hand smoke [SHS] exposure), family structure, parental smoking and socio-economic status (SES) in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, population-based study. Data was collected from sixth-grade students (N = 506) attending school in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. Descriptive analyses were conducted. The relationship between key outcome variables (adolescents smoking and SHS exposure) and independent variables (family structure, parental smoking, and SES level) were examined. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed while controlling for possible confounders (i.e. gender and age).ResultsThe overall prevalence of ever/lifetime smoking and SHS exposure at home was 29.6 and 41.1 %, respectively. Results of the logistic regression analysis show that being a member of a non-intact family [(OR = 2.20; 95 % CI = 1.21–3.90) and (OR = 2.45; 95 % CI = 1.19-4.10) respectively], having parents who smoke [(OR = 4.41; 95 % CI = 2.15–5.46) and (OR = 4.95; 95 % CI = 2.25-7.12) respectively], and living in low SES setting [(OR = 1.73; 95 % CI = 1.43–3.30) and (OR = 1.99; 95 % CI = 1.16-4.00) respectively] are significantly associated with ever smoking and SHS exposure at home among sixth grade students.ConclusionsThe findings of our study show that tobacco use and SHS exposure are strongly associated with adolescents living in low SES, non-intact households that have parents that smoke. To be effective, tobacco strategies specifically tailored for this particularly vulnerable group of adolescents would require a comprehensive, multi-faceted approach centered on prevention, cessation and protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents’ smoking experiences, family structure, parental smoking and socio-economic status in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Bird

Staines-Orozco

Moraros

2016

Int J Equity Health

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“…For example, a friendship structure within a school or classroom can be diagramed as a sociometric network by mapping the friendships, in the form of lines, among students. 20 One method of fostering behavior changes through sociometric networks is using community opinion leaders (CPOLs). 21 In this approach influential individuals are identified and trained to be change agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Network Assessments and Interventions for Health Behavior Change: A Critical Review

Latkin

Knowlton

2015

Behavioral Medicine

273

200

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Social networks provide a powerful approach for health behavior change. This article documents how social network interventions have been successfully utilized for a range of health behaviors including HIV risk practices, smoking, exercise, dieting, family planning, bullying, and mental health. We review the literature that suggests relationship between health behaviors and social network attributes demonstrate a high degree of specificity. The article then examines hypothesized social influence mechanisms including social norms, modeling, and social rewards and the factors of social identity and social rewards that can be employed to sustain social network interventions. Areas of future research avenues are highlighted, including the need to examine and analytically adjust for contamination and social diffusion, social influence versus differential affiliation, and network change. Use and integration of mhealth and face-to-face networks for promoting health behavior change are also critical research areas.

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“…Five studies found in-degree centrality (popularity relating to the number of people who have nominated each individual as a friend) to be related to smoking (44,53,54), rated high, medium and low. One study broke this down by school type according to low and high smoking prevalence, and found that the school with a high smoking prevalence showed no difference, whereas in the school with a low smoking prevalence, popular students were less likely to be smokers (29).…”

Section: Network Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study was rated low quality. Three studies related out-degree centrality (popularity relating to the number of people nominated as a friend by each individual) to smoking (37,53), with one showing it to have a protective effect (54). Whilst two studies found no association with smoking and outdegree centrality (30,44).…”

Section: Network Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring The Association Between School-Based Peer Networks And Smoking According To Socioeconomic Status and Tobacco Control Context: A Systematic Review

Littlecott¹,

Moore²,

McCann³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Whilst prevalence of youth smoking in middle and high income countries has decreased, inequality has prevailed. The introduction of legislation regulating tobacco use in public spaces varies across countries, impacting the tobacco control context. There is a need to revisit our understandings of the influence of social networks on smoking among adolescents to inform subsequent exploration of this relationship and context-specific intervention design.Methods: The search, conducted on 31st May 2019, included terms relating to smoking, schools, adolescents, peers and social networks. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied throughout the title and abstract screening and full text screening. Quality assessment and synthesis followed. Studies were charted against a timeline and narratively synthesised to identify changes according to legislative context. This synthesis was conducted separately for findings relating to three categories: socioeconomic status; social selection and influence; and network position.Results: Thirty studies were included. Differences in the relationship between network characteristics and smoking according to socioeconomic status were measured in five out of fifteen studies in Europe. Results varied across studies, with differences in network characteristics and their association with smoking varying both between schools of a differing and those of a similar socioeconomic composition. For studies conducted both before and after the introduction of comprehensive smoking legislation, the evidence for selection processes was more consistent than influence, which varied according to reciprocity. Findings showed that isolates were more likely to smoke and in-degree and out-degree centrality were related to smoking both before and after the introduction of legislation. The relationship between popularity and smoking was contingent on school level smoking prevalence in studies conducted before the introduction of legislation, but not after. Conclusions: Overall, effects according to socioeconomic status were underreported in the included studies and no consistent evidence of change after the introduction of a comprehensive smoking ban was observed. Further network analyses are required utilising more recent data to obtain a comprehensive understanding of how network processes may influence smoking differently according to socioeconomic status after the introduction of a comprehensive smoking ban, and how adaptation could be used to enhance intervention effectiveness.International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration number: CRD42019137358

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The effects of social networks on tobacco use among high-school adolescents in Mexico

Abstract: The effects of social networks on tobacco use among high-school adolescents in Mexico.

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Adolescents’ smoking experiences, family structure, parental smoking and socio-economic status in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Adolescents’ smoking experiences, family structure, parental smoking and socio-economic status in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Social Network Assessments and Interventions for Health Behavior Change: A Critical Review

Exploring The Association Between School-Based Peer Networks And Smoking According To Socioeconomic Status and Tobacco Control Context: A Systematic Review

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