The effects of platelet-rich plasma derived from human umbilical cord blood on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental stem cells

Abstract

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an emerging therapeutic application because PRP contains various growth factors that have beneficial effects on tissue regeneration and engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells and PRP derived from peripheral blood have been well studied. In this study, we investigated the effects of PRP derived from human umbilical cord blood (UCB-PRP) on proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Three types of dental stem cells were primarily isolated and characterized by flow cytometric analysis. Dental stem cells were exposed to various concentrations of UCB-PRP, which resulted in the proliferation of dental stem cells. Treatment with 2% UCB-PRP resulted in the highest level of proliferation. The ALP activity of DPSCs and PDLSCs increased following treatment with UCB-PRP in a dose-dependent manner up to a concentration of 2%. ALP activity decreased with higher concentration of UCB-PRP. The effects of UCB-PRP on calcium deposition were similar to those on proliferation and ALP activity. Treatment with 2% UCB-PRP resulted in the highest calcium depositions in DPSCs and PDLSCs; however, treatment with 1% UCB-PRP resulted in the highest calcium deposition in SHEDs. The concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor-AB and transforming growth factor-β1 in UCB-PRP were investigated and found to be comparable to the amounts in peripheral blood. Overall, UCB-PRP had beneficial effects on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of dental stem cells. Determination of the optimal concentration of UCB-PRP requires further investigation for clinical applications.

Comparison of osteo/odontogenic differentiation of human adult dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from apical papilla in the presence of platelet lysate

“…It contains a pool of endogenous growth factors such as; TGF-b, PDGF, FGF and IGF, which enhances the expansion of MSCs (Sotiropoulou, Perez, Salagianni, Baxevanis, & Papamichail, 2006). Few studies have demonstrated the positive effects of human PL (PRP) on the proliferation and mineralized differentiation of other types of MSCs like human dental stem cells, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) (Lee et al, 2011) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) (Lee et al, 2011). In this study, proliferation rates were variable among different concentrations of PL for both DPSCs and SCAP, when compared with FBS.…”

The effects of synthetic and natural scaffolds on viability and proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells

“…It has also been demonstrated that PRP acts as a powerful medium supporting various growth factors in the culture of different kinds of cells, including MSCs, fibroblasts, dental stem cells, and osteoblasts (Shengyun et al 2012). Lee et al (2011) showed an increase in growth and differentiation of PRP-treated periodontal ligament cells and stromal stem cells as type I collagen gene expression (Lee et al 2011). In addition, the growth factors in PRP have a supportive role in cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation; all are critical for wound healing and soft-tissue augmentation.…”

Cell-penetrating superoxide dismutase attenuates oxidative stress-induced senescence by regulating the p53-p21Cip1 pathway and restores osteoblastic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells

“…36 Deciduous teeth and adult molars were obtained from the Seoul National University Dental Hospital after securing the approval of the institutional review board at Seoul National University Dental Hospital. The deciduous teeth and adult molars were put into Hank's balanced salt solution (Welgene, Dae-gu, Korea) supplemented with 3% antibiotic-antimycotic solution (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA) at 4°C.…”