The effects of information and competition on racial discrimination: Evidence from a field experiment

Nunley, John M.; Owens, Mark F.; Howard, R. Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2011.06.028

Cited by 54 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“… Two recent studies related to ours assess the impact of competition on racial discrimination, with findings broadly consistent with ours: List and Livingston () and Nunley et al . (). …”

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confidence: 97%

The Visible Hand: Race and Online Market Outcomes

Doleac

Stein

2013

The Economic Journal

215

133

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We examine the effect of race on market outcomes by selling iPods through local online classified advertisements throughout the US. Each advertisement features a photograph including a dark or light‐skinned hand, or one with a wrist tattoo. Black sellers receive fewer and lower offers than white sellers, and the correspondence with black sellers indicates lower levels of trust. Black sellers' outcomes are particularly poor in thin markets (suggesting that discrimination may not ‘survive’ competition among buyers) and those with the most racial isolation and property crime (consistent with channels through which statistical discrimination might operate).

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“… Two recent studies related to ours assess the impact of competition on racial discrimination, with findings broadly consistent with ours: List and Livingston () and Nunley et al . (). …”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Visible Hand: Race and Online Market Outcomes

Doleac

Stein

2013

The Economic Journal

215

133

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“…They find that cards held by 'black' sellers sell for roughly 20% less than cards held by 'white' sellers. Nunley et al (2011) also study racial discrimination in product auctions on e-bay but in this case race is signalled with names. The authors find that 'white' names receive higher prices for distinctively 'white' products and 'black' names receive higher prices for distinctively 'black' products.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ethnic Discrimination: Lessons from the Israeli Online Market for Used Cars

Zussman

2013

The Economic Journal

109

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Using a combination of randomised field experiments, follow-up telephone surveys and other data collection efforts, this article studies the extent and the sources of ethnic discrimination in the Israeli online market for used cars. We find robust evidence of discrimination against Arab buyers and sellers which, the analysis suggests, is motivated by 'statistical' rather than 'taste' considerations. We additionally find that Arab sellers manipulate their ethnic identity in the market by leaving the name field in their advertisements blank.The study of discrimination against minorities in the marketplace has received great deal of attention by economists in recent decades. There are two leading explanations for discriminatory behaviour in markets. The first, introduced in the seminal contribution of Becker (1957), focuses on 'taste-based discrimination', or personal prejudice, of economic agents who dislike associating with individuals of a given gender, race or ethnicity. In Becker's model the strength of an agent's aversion to cross-group contact is expressed as the price the agent would demand to compensate her or him for such interactions. Thus, for example, a prejudiced white employer would hire a black worker only if this worker receives a sufficiently lower wage than an equally productive white worker.The second leading theory of discrimination, due to Arrow (1972Arrow ( , 1973 and Phelps (1972), focuses on 'statistical discrimination'. According to this theory discriminatory behaviour is the result of (actual or perceived) differences across groups in aggregate characteristics. The decision-maker uses these differences to evaluate some outcome-relevant individual characteristics, which are not easily observable. Thus, for instance, a non-prejudiced employer facing two job applicants, one black and one white will prefer to hire the white applicant if he or she believes that white workers are on average more productive than black workers.

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“…Discrimination on the grounds of race and of a tattoo was found. Similar to (Nunley et al, 2011), they use the number of competing sellers as a measure of market competition. The disparities disappear in competitive markets.…”

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confidence: 99%

A multidisciplinary survey on discrimination analysis

Romei

Ruggieri

2013

The Knowledge Engineering Review

230

173

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The collection and analysis of observational and experimental data represent the main tools for assessing the presence, the extent, the nature, and the trend of discrimination phenomena. Data analysis techniques have been proposed in the last fifty years in the economic, legal, statistical, and, recently, in the data mining literature. This is not surprising, since discrimination analysis is a multi-disciplinary problem, involving sociological causes, legal argumentations, economic models, statistical techniques, computational issues. The objective of this survey is to provide a guidance and a glue for researchers and anti-discrimination data analysts on concepts, problems, application areas, datasets, methods and approaches from a multidisciplinary perspective. We organize the approaches according to their method of data collection as observational, quasi-experimental and experimental studies. A fourth line of recently blooming research on knowledge discovery based methods is also covered. Observational methods are further categorized on the basis of their application context: labor economics, social profiling, consumer markets, and others.

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The effects of information and competition on racial discrimination: Evidence from a field experiment

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

The Visible Hand: Race and Online Market Outcomes

The Visible Hand: Race and Online Market Outcomes

Ethnic Discrimination: Lessons from the Israeli Online Market for Used Cars

A multidisciplinary survey on discrimination analysis

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