The effects of acid on bone

Bushinsky, David A.; Frick, Kevin K.

doi:10.1097/00041552-200007000-00008

Cited by 121 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The lower glucose concentrations in EG could be explained by increased H + concentration caused by higher concentrations of organic acids tested in caecum content (tested, but data not shown), which inhibited gluconeogenesis (Iles et al 1977). The increased of H + (lactate accumulation in the organism) first stimulates the physicochemical mineral dissolution by increasing the osteoclasts and osteoblasts activity -bone resorption (Bushinsky and Frick 2000), and also the Ca reabsorption in renal tubules for pH neutralization. Although the lactate in blood was not measured, these facts are supporting our findings about increased serum calcium concentrations during additives application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Combined administration of bacteriocin- -producing, probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 with Eleutherococcus senticosus and their effect in rabbits

Simonová¹,

Lauková²,

Chrastinová³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The effect of Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 (EF) -enterocin-producing and probiotic strain of rabbit origin, Eleutherococcus senticosus extract (ES) and their combination (ES+EF) was determined on selected bacteria in faeces and caecum content, leukocytes phagocytosis, blood biochemistry and growth performance. Ninety-six weaned rabbits were divided into 3 experimental (ES, EF, ES+EF) and control group (CG). The rabbits in the groups ES and EF+ES were fed commercial diet enriched with E. senticosus extract (30 g/100 kg feed), rabbits in groups EF and CG were fed untreated diet. The rabbits in the EF and ES+EF groups were administered with an overnight culture of E. faecium CCM7420 strain (500 μl/animal/day into water, 109 CFU/ml). The treatment period lasted 21 days. The microbiological examinations in faecal samples confirmed the presence of E. faecium CCM7420 strain. In groups EF and ES+EF, the reduction of faecal coliforms, Pseudomonas-like sp., Clostridium-like sp. and S. aureus was recorded. Leucocyte phagocytosis significantly increased in all experimental groups (P<0.0001) compared to CG. The lowest GPx values were measured in the ES+EF group. Higher total protein, triglycerides and calcium concentrations were detected in experimental groups compared to CG. The cholesterol concentration decreased in the ES group. The highest average daily gain was recorded in EF group; in ES+EF the better feed conversion ratio and no mortality was recorded. These results indicated that the dietary supplementation with the E. faecium CCM7420 and E. senticosus extract stimulate the leukocytes phagocytosis and reduces the potential pathogens in rabbits digestive tract without oxidative stress and improve the growth performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Combined administration of bacteriocin- -producing, probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 with Eleutherococcus senticosus and their effect in rabbits

Simonová¹,

Lauková²,

Chrastinová³

et al. 2013

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“…''In vitro studies show that metabolic acidosis leads to bone resorption [8,10]. In similar in vitro studies, metabolic alkalosis, by contrast, reduces calcium efflux from bone, and both suppresses osteoclastic bone resorption and stimulates osteoblastic bone formation [27].…”

Section: Clues Inspiring the Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…That can occur when the summed endogenous and exogenous non-carbonic acid load to the body exceeds that of the corresponding base load for a long period of time (years). The resulting chronic metabolic acidosis elicits osteoclastic bone resorption, which releases bone mineral, including calcium and its accompanying basic anions [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Most Americans suffer from a low-grade chronic metabolic acidosis owing to the fact that the typical American diet is net acid producing, that is, it produces non-carbonic acid in excess of base (alkali, bicarbonate) [16,17].…”

Section: The Skeleton's Role In Mineral Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Skeleton's Role In Mineral Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together the two mechanisms mitigate the severity of the metabolic acidosis and tend to stabilize it despite continuing endogenous generation non-carbonic acid in excess of base-at the expense of continuing net loss of calcium and its associated alkalinizing anions. In the case of bone's contribution to the homeostasis of acidity and bicarbonate concentration, the mechanism consists in stimulation, by acidity and reduced bicarbonate concentration, of osteoclastic bone resorption and suppression of osteoblastic bone formation, two events that can lead to osteoporosis [10,20].In the treatment of osteoporosis, both of the postmenopausal and age-related types, numerous pharmacological agents have been developed to discourage osteoclastic bone resorption, though secondarily such anti-resorptive agents tend to discourage osteoblastic bone formation. A few agents have been developed to encourage osteoblastic bone formation itself [1,2].…”

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confidence: 99%

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A neglected requirement for optimizing treatment of age-related osteoporosis: Replenishing the skeleton’s base reservoir with net base-producing diets

Sebastián

Frassetto

2016

Medical Hypotheses

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a b s t r a c tOsteoporosis is a disorder of bone in which the mass of the bone is reduced and the bone's architecture at the microscopic level is disordered. Together those abnormalities predispose affected individuals to experience fractures despite only minimal trauma (i.e., fragility fractures). Age related osteoporosis is a common type of osteoporosis that occurs with aging in both men and women usually beginning after the age of peak bone mass. Research has found that the disorder can be partially reversed by reducing the net amount of acid that is produced when consuming typical Western diets. However, the amelioration that results has not been so dramatic or so consistent that physicians have adopted the procedure as part of the standard treatment for age-related osteoporosis. We propose that reducing the net acid load from the diet is not sufficient to reverse age related osteoporosis because it fails to supply base needed to restore the large amount of base in bone that had been lost by reacting with the net acid load of the diet that had been consumed for years or decades. Reducing the net acid load from the diet might be expected to have little ameliorative effect or merely slow the progression of the disorder. We hypothesize that both to restore osteoporotic bone to, or nearly to, its pre-disease state, as well as to eliminate the risk of fragility fractures, requires consuming diets that produce net amounts of base to restore the base lost from years to decades of consuming diets that produce net amounts of acid. We hypothesize also that the excess base and attendant subclinical metabolic alkalosis will both stimulate the cellular process of bone formation and suppress the cellular process of bone resorption, and thereby implement the restorative process.Ó 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction Functions of the skeletonThe human skeleton is an adaptive, self-organizing, multifunctional organ-system vital to human health. It functions (a) as a structure supporting body movement through connections with skeletal muscles, and as trauma-defense through its structural surrounding of vital organs, (b) it contributes to cellular oxygenation throughout the body by generating and distributing red blood cells systemically via the circulation; (c) it contributes to systemic calcium and phosphorus homeostasis in virtue of its large reservoir of labile calcium and phosphorus; (d) it contributes to systemic acid-base homeostasis in virtue of its large reservoir of labile base equivalents residing in calcium hydroxyapatite, the major mineral component of bone; and, (e) contributes to the integration of body physiology through two-way endocrine communication with numerous organ systems of the body (pp. 3-4 [1]) (p. 3 [2]). Each subsystem of the human skeleton adapts to changing environmental conditions-rendering the skeleton a complex adaptive system. Bone remodelingThroughout one's life the skeleton continually remodels itself in response to changing mechanical loads and mechanical microdamage, thro...

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Diabetes Mellitus, Bone and Kidney

Neumann

Lehmann

2012

Diabetes and Kidney Disease

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The effects of acid on bone

Cited by 121 publications

References 65 publications

Combined administration of bacteriocin- -producing, probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 with Eleutherococcus senticosus and their effect in rabbits

Combined administration of bacteriocin- -producing, probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 with Eleutherococcus senticosus and their effect in rabbits

A neglected requirement for optimizing treatment of age-related osteoporosis: Replenishing the skeleton’s base reservoir with net base-producing diets

Diabetes Mellitus, Bone and Kidney

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