The Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry Model and Problem-Based Learning on Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students

Abstract

The teaching and learning process is still focused on educators. Students are less willing to accept learning materials and social studies. Therefore, students only have a correct understanding of the material. This research is an experimental study that uses a pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control classes. This study aims to analyze the differences in critical thinking abilities of elementary school students in the experimental class with the problem-based learning model and the control class using the guided inquiry learning model. The population in this study was fourth-grade students. The sampling technique using stratified cluster random sampling was chosen as the sampling technique. Data processing is done by analyzing Paired Sampling and Independent Sampling. The results showed (1) the t-test analysis obtained two-sided Sig of 0.00 <0.05, the hypothesis Ho was rejected, and there were differences in the effectiveness of using the PBL model and learning guidelines on student criticality. social studies thinking skills, (2) The calculation of effect size shows that the problem-based learning model (PBL) is more effective than the guided inquiry model on students' critical thinking skills in social studies learning. The critical thinking skills of students who use the problem-based learning model are much higher than the critical thinking skills of students who use the guided inquiry model. The problem-based learning (PBL) model is more effective than the guided inquiry model for social studies learning about students' critical thinking skills that can analyze and solve their problems.

Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis Problem Based Learning menggunakan Kvisoft Flipbook Maker

“…The characteristics of Problem Based Learning include positioning students as self-directed problem solve through collaborative activities, encouraging students to be able to find problems and collaborate with them by proposing assumptions and planning solutions, facilitating students to explore various alternative solutions and their implications, as well as collecting and distributing information, training students to skillfully present findings, and getting students to reflect on the effectiveness of their way of thinking in solving problems (O'Brien et al, 2019). The advantage of the Problem Based Learning model is that learning is focused on the chosen problem so that students learn not only concepts related to the problem but also scientific methods in solving the problem (Poerwanti et al, 2022). Participants not only understand concepts relevant to the issue but also gain experience solving problems with scientific method and cultivate critical thinking patterns.…”