The Effectiveness of Demonstrations in Disseminating Research-Based Counseling Programs

Turner, Bonnie; Martin, Garth W.; Cunningham, John A.

doi:10.1177/1075547098019004005

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A disconfirmed hypothesis that leads to a design improvement is a positive result in an experimental demonstration; in an exemplary demonstration, such an outcome is noise that will lead to perceptions of higher, not lower, uncertainty among potential adopters. In a study of the effect of composite experimental and exemplary demonstrations in the diffusion of evidence-based counseling programs, mixed-purpose demonstrations led to heightened interest in the innovations but not adoption (Turner, Martin, & Cunningham, 1998). Diffusion is facilitated by exemplary demonstrations that apply what we know about innovation attributes, innovation clusters, opinion leadership, and guided adaptation, in which interventions are conducted at full-scale, with optimistic staff, and where cost effectiveness data are presented to visitors (Magill & Rogers, 1981).…”

Section: Demonstration Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Diffusion of Innovation Theory to Intervention Development

Dearing

2009

Research on Social Work Practice

392

327

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Few social science theories have a history of conceptual and empirical study as long as does the diffusion of innovations. The robustness of this theory derives from the many disciplines and fields of study in which diffusion has been studied, from the international richness of these studies, and from the variety of new ideas, practices, programs, and technologies that have been the objects of diffusion research. Early theorizing from the beginning of the 20th century was gradually displaced by post hoc empirical research that described and explained diffusion processes. By the 1950s, diffusion researchers had begun to apply the collective knowledge learned about naturalistic diffusion in tests of process interventions to affect the spread of innovations. Now, this purposive objective has given form to a science of dissemination in which evidence-based practices are designed a priori not just to result in internal validity but to increase the likelihood that external validity and diffusion both are more likely to result. Here, I review diffusion theory and focus on seven conceptsintervention attributes, intervention clusters, demonstration projects, societal sectors, reinforcing contextual conditions, opinion leadership, and intervention adaptation-with potential for accelerating the spread of evidence-based practices, programs, and policies in the field of social work. Keywords diffusion of innovations; dissemination; translational research; implementationDiffusion really includes three fairly distinct processes: Presentation of the new culture element or elements to the society, acceptance by the society, and the integration of the accepted element or elements into the preexisting culture.-Ralph Linton, 1936, p. 334. Diffusion is a natural social phenomenon that happens with or without any particular theory to explain it. In fact, whether the innovation involves a new idea, new pattern of behavior, or a new technology, it is also a natural physical phenomenon as well, one that describes the spread of an object in space and time. Diffusion theory does not lead to the conclusion that one must wait for the diffusion of a new product or practice to reach the poorest people …. In fact, one can accelerate the rate of adoption in any segment of the population through more intensive and more appropriate communication and outreach.

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Section: Demonstration Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Diffusion of Innovation Theory to Intervention Development

Dearing

2009

Research on Social Work Practice

392

327

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Rogers drew lessons from many different fields, including substance abuse, from which he cited studies of adoption of alcoholism counseling in employee assistance programs (Fennell 1984) and adoption of an early intervention for persons with addiction problems (Turner, Martin & Cunningham 1998). Backer (1995) added that availability of resources and the human dynamics of change, particularly organizational readiness for change, influence adoption.…”

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confidence: 99%

Adoption of Motivational Interviewing and Motivational Enhancement Therapy Following Clinical Trials

Guydish

Jessup²,

Tajima

et al. 2010

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

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The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Clinical Trials Network (CTN) is designed to test drug abuse treatment interventions in multisite clinical trials and to support the translation of effective interventions into practice. In this study, qualitative methods were applied to examine adoption of motivational interviewing and motivational enhancement therapy (MI/MET) in five clinics where these interventions were tested. Participants were clinic staff (n = 17) who were interviewed about the MI/MET study, and about whether MI/MET was adopted after the study ended. Although clinics’ participation in a clinical trial includes many elements thought to be necessary for later adoption of the intervention, we found that there was “adoption” in one clinic, “partial adoption” in one clinic, “counselor adoption” in one clinic, and “no adoption” in two clinics. These findings highlight a distinction between adoption at the organizational and counselor levels, and suggest that a range of adoption outcomes may be observed in the field. Findings are relevant to clinical staff, program directors, administrators and policy makers concerned with improvement of drug abuse treatment systems through adoption of evidence-based practices.

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