The effect of obesity on the association between liver fat and carotid atherosclerosis in a multi-ethnic cohort

Dick, Taylor J. M.; Lesser, Iris A.; Leipsic, Jonathon; Mancini, G.B. John; Lear, Scott A.

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.10.040

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We observed that other indices of body fat measurement and BMI were not correlated with cIMT, suggesting the importance of adipose tissue distribution. However, after adjustment for BMI and waist circumference, liver fat was not significantly associated with sub-clinical atherosclerosis [33]. Consistent with our findings, previous studies reported a significant link between abdominal fat distribution and cIMT in adults [10,11] or obese adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Age, abdominal obesity, and glycated hemoglobin are associated with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Silaghi

Crăciun

et al. 2015

Med Ultrason

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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of clinical parameters and indices of body composition on the relation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), in a type 2 diabetes mellitus population (T2DM). Material and methods: We retrospectively enrolled 336 T2DM outpatients who regularly attended Regina Maria Clinic in Cluj. Clinical, anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured. Ultrasonography (US) was used to assess hepatic steatosis (HS) in all patients and cIMT in 146 subjects. Body composition was assessed by bioelectric impedance (BIA, InBody 720) in all patients. Results: cIMT was correlated with age (r=0.25; p=0.004), systolic blood pressure (r=0.18; p=0.041), glycated haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C, r=0.20; p=0.04), and with coronary artery disease (r=0.20; p=0.007). HS did not correlate with cIMT (r=0.04; p=0.64). cIMT was correlated with visceral fatty area (VFA, r=0.18; p=0.014) but not with other indices of body composition. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was not correlated with cIMT (r=0.17; p=0.086). After multivariate analysis, age, HbA1c, and VFA were good independent predictors of cIMT (r=0.45; p˂0.001). Conclusions: These results are suggestive that in T2DM patients, fatty liver is not a direct mediator of early carotid atherosclerosis. Our data indicate that visceral fat accumulation and HbA1C are determinant factors of cIMT sugesting that controlling abdominal obesity and hyperglicemia might reduce atherosclerotic disease risk in NAFLD-T2DM subjects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Age, abdominal obesity, and glycated hemoglobin are associated with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Silaghi

Crăciun

et al. 2015

Med Ultrason

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“…Although magnetic resonance proton spectroscopy is the most accurate non-invasive method to quantitate liver fat, CT imaging provides visualization of the whole liver, by which liver steatosis can be detected with high reproducibility in clinically asymptomatic individuals in the community [41]. For this purpose, CT is used to quantify liver steatosis in epidemiological studies [33], [42], [43] and clinical trials [22]. The time span between blood sampling and image acquisition is relatively large which is a potential limitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Liver Enzymes and Computed Tomography Markers of Liver Steatosis with Familial Longevity

et al. 2014

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ObjectiveFamilial longevity is marked by enhanced peripheral but not hepatic insulin sensitivity. The liver has a critical role in the pathogenesis of hepatic insulin resistance. Therefore we hypothesized that the extent of liver steatosis would be similar between offspring of long-lived siblings and control subjects. To test our hypothesis, we investigated the extent of liver steatosis in non-diabetic offspring of long-lived siblings and age-matched controls by measuring liver enzymes in plasma and liver fat by computed tomography (CT).Research Design and Methods:We measured nonfasting alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Υ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in 1625 subjects (736 men, mean age 59.1 years) from the Leiden Longevity Study, comprising offspring of long-lived siblings and partners thereof. In a random subgroup, fasting serum samples (n = 230) were evaluated and CT was performed (n = 268) for assessment of liver-spleen (L/S) ratio and the prevalence of moderate-to-severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Linear mixed model analysis was performed adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, use of alcohol and hepatotoxic medication, and correlation of sibling relationship.ResultsOffspring of long-lived siblings had higher nonfasting ALT levels as compared to control subjects (24.3 mmol/L versus 23.2 mmol/L, p = 0.03), while AST and GGT levels were similar between the two groups. All fasting liver enzyme levels were similar between the two groups. CT L/S ratio and prevalence of moderate-to-severe NAFLD was similar between groups (1.12 vs 1.14, p = 0.25 and 8% versus 8%, p = 0.91, respectively).ConclusionsExcept for nonfasting levels of ALT, which were slightly higher in the offspring of long-lived siblings compared to controls, no differences were found between groups in the extent of liver steatosis, as assessed with liver biochemical tests and CT. Thus, our data indicate that the extent of liver steatosis is similar between offspring of long-lived siblings and control subjects.

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“…Patients with NAFLD have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [2], [3] because these diseases share several risk factors and surrogate markers [3], [4]. In addition, NAFLD is often associated with atherosclerotic signs including the presence of carotid plaques [5] and coronary arterial calcium [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Atherosclerosis Aggravated by Systemic Inflammation

Kim

Seo

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Although triglyceride accumulation in the liver causes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hypercholesterolemia is also a main cause of NAFLD as well as atherosclerosis. However, NAFLD and atherosclerosis have not been investigated simultaneously in animal models fed a high-cholesterol diet. Moreover, it is unclear whether systemic inflammation can exacerbate both pathologies in the same model. Accordingly, this study investigated the effect of additional systemic inflammation on NAFLD and atherosclerosis induced by cholesterol overload in wild animals. New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups: groups I (control) and II received normal chow, and groups III and IV received a 1% cholesterol diet. To induce inflammation via toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling, groups II and IV received subcutaneous injections of 0.5 mL of 1% carrageenan every 3 weeks. After 3 months, total cholesterol markedly increased in groups III and IV, and the serum expressions of systemic inflammatory markers were elevated in the groups II–IV. Early NAFLD lesions (e.g., mild fatty changes in the liver with sporadic fibrosis) and atherosclerosis (e.g., intimal hyperplasia composed of foam cells) were observed in both the liver and aorta specimens from group III, and advanced lesions were observed in group IV. The expressions of inflammatory cellular receptors, TLR-2 and TLR-4, in the aorta gradually increased from group I to IV but were similar in the liver in groups II–IV. Cholesteryl ester (CE) levels were higher in group IV than in group III, although the difference was not significant. CE levels in the aorta were similar between groups III and IV. Systemic inflammation can simultaneously exacerbate existing early lesions due to cholesterol overload in both the liver and aorta of rabbits. However, the cellular response of inflammatory receptors and expression of cholesterol metabolites differ between these organs.

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The effect of obesity on the association between liver fat and carotid atherosclerosis in a multi-ethnic cohort

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Age, abdominal obesity, and glycated hemoglobin are associated with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Age, abdominal obesity, and glycated hemoglobin are associated with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Association of Liver Enzymes and Computed Tomography Markers of Liver Steatosis with Familial Longevity

Cholesterol-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Atherosclerosis Aggravated by Systemic Inflammation

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