The effect of mustard gas on the biological activity of soil

Медведева, Н. Г.; Polyak, Yulia; Кузикова, И. Л.; Орлова, О.В.; Zharikov, G. A.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2007.04.003

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It is able to alkylate 70 DNA, RNA, and proteins affecting a variety of cell functions (Papirmeister et al,71 1991). The products of mustard gas hydrolysis have a wide spectrum of toxic activity 72 on soil microbiota (Medvedeva et al, 2008). They are known to change significantly 73 the number and the specific composition of soil microorganisms (Medvedeva et al,74 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial responses to mustard gas dumped in the Baltic Sea

Медведева¹,

Polyak²,

Kankaanpää³

et al. 2009

Marine Environmental Research

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International audienceMicrobiological studies were carried out on chemical weapon dump sites in the Baltic Sea. The effect of mustard gas hydrolysis products (MGHPs) on marine microbiota and the ability of microorganisms to degrade MGHPs were studied. Many stations at the dump sites demonstrated reduced microbial diversity, and increased growth of species able to use mustard gas hydrolysis products as sole source of carbon. Significant amounts of MGHP-degrading bacteria were revealed in the near-bottom water. The MGHP-degrading microorganisms identified as sp., sp., and sp. were isolated. These microorganisms were capable of utilizing the major product of hydrolysis, thiodiglycol, as the sole source of carbon and energy. The bacteria were capable of metabolizing MGHPs at a low temperature. The metabolic pathway for thiodiglycol degradation was proposed. The results suggest the potential for MGHPs biodegradation by naturally occurring populations of near-bottom-water and sediment microorganisms

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial responses to mustard gas dumped in the Baltic Sea

Медведева¹,

Polyak²,

Kankaanpää³

et al. 2009

Marine Environmental Research

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“…Also, increased dehydrogenase activity is accompanied by an increase in number and size of mitochondria in the fungal cells exposed to mustard gas. 22 Chronic and recalcitrant course of blepharitis in mustard gas-exposed cases may be because of the causative microbial agents. The higher frequency of fungi isolated from these cases with chronic blepharitis may be responsible for the higher rate of treatment failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Microbiological Evaluation of Chronic Blepharitis Among Iranian Veterans Exposed to Mustard Gas: A Case-Controlled Study

Karimian

Zarei‐Ghanavati

Baradaran‐Rafii

et al. 2011

Cornea

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“…It also inhibits the enzymatic activity of the soil [65]. On the other hand, SM can remain in the battlefields (for example beside the moats in World War I) and can be found in the amount of 1–25 mg/m3 in 6–12 inch depth of the soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on delayed toxic effects of sulfur mustard in Iranian veterans

et al. 2012

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Iranian soldiers were attacked with chemical bombs, rockets and artillery shells 387 times during the 8-years war by Iraq (1980–1988). More than 1,000 tons of sulfur mustard gas was used in the battlefields by the Iraqis against Iranian people. A high rate of morbidities occurred as the result of these attacks. This study aimed to evaluate the delayed toxic effects of sulfur mustard gas on Iranian victims. During a systematic search, a total of 193 (109 more relevant to the main aim) articles on sulfur mustard gas were reviewed using known international and national databases. No special evaluation was conducted on the quality of the articles and their publication in accredited journals was considered sufficient. High rate of morbidities as the result of chemical attacks by sulfur mustard among Iranian people occurred. Iranian researchers found a numerous late complications among the victims which we be listed as wide range of respiratory, ocular, dermatological, psychological, hematological, immunological, gastrointestinal and endocrine complications, all influenced the quality of life of exposed victims. The mortality rate due to this agent was 3%. Although, mortality rate induced by sulfur mustard among Iranian people was low, variety and chronicity of toxic effects and complications of this chemical agent were dramatic.

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The effect of mustard gas on the biological activity of soil

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Microbial responses to mustard gas dumped in the Baltic Sea

Microbial responses to mustard gas dumped in the Baltic Sea

Microbiological Evaluation of Chronic Blepharitis Among Iranian Veterans Exposed to Mustard Gas: A Case-Controlled Study

A review on delayed toxic effects of sulfur mustard in Iranian veterans

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