The effect of IGFC warm gas cleanup system conditions on the gas–solid partitioning and form of trace species in coal syngas and their interactions with SOFC anodes

Trembly, Jason; Gemmen, Randall; Bayless, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.10.020

Cited by 120 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

107

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Each can cause premature degradation of SOFC materials. 6,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Many, if not all, of these impurities have been studied extensively using electrochemical methods. Techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and voltammetry consistently show how exposure to these individual contaminants lead to performance degradation with differing levels of severity and reversibility.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Operando Vibrational Raman Studies of Chlorine Contamination in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Reeping

Walker

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vibrational Raman spectroscopy coupled with voltammetry and impedance measurements was used to explore the effects of chlorine on solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) performance and durability. SOFC anodes were exposed to 110 ppm dry CH 3 Cl at 650 • C for up to four hours while intermittently exposing the cell to methane for ten minute intervals. In these experiments Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor carbon accumulation kinetics. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) measurements performed under CH 4 following 1 hour of exposure to CH 3 Cl showed marked degradation. This degradation was less apparent when the SOFC was operated with H 2 in the presence of CH 3 Cl. With methane and CH 3 Cl, peak power diminished at a rate of 14% per hour. Observable carbon accumulation during CH 3 Cl exposure became less pronounced over time. Eventually, carbon formation was suppressed completely suggesting that the primary effect of the Cl contaminant was deactivation of the Ni catalyst with respect to CH bond dissociation. SOFC performance with H 2 in the presence of CH 3 Cl remained largely unchanged. Interestingly, these effects of Cl on SOFC performance with methane proved partially reversible as electrochemical performance and carbon accumulation behavior were recovered upon removal of the CH 3 Cl from the fuel feed. Solid oxide fuel cells are electricity-generating devices capable of fuel-to-electricity conversion efficiencies of more than 80% when combined with heating applications.1-3 These efficiencies far outpace even the most modern fossil fuel fired power plants. 4 In addition, the high operating temperatures of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) allow operation with many different fuels including biogas, syngas, natural gas, gasoline and even some alcohols.5-8 However, this versatility comes at the cost of having to develop SOFC materials capable of withstanding impurities intrinsic to each fuel type. These impurities include, but are not limited to, carbon deposits, sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and mercury. Each can cause premature degradation of SOFC materials.6,9-15 Many, if not all, of these impurities have been studied extensively using electrochemical methods. Techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and voltammetry consistently show how exposure to these individual contaminants lead to performance degradation with differing levels of severity and reversibility. However, while the electrochemical results quantify overall cell degradation, direct, in-situ evidence of the mechanisms responsible for diminished performance remain speculative. Coupling electrochemical methods with in-situ optical spectroscopy, such as Raman spectroscopy or XPS, advances understanding of the reactions that occur on the SOFC electrode surfaces as well as how those reactions affect performance. Raman spectroscopy has already shown to be a promising technique for high temperature in-situ characterization of molecules on the surface of an SOFC operating on hydrocarbon ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Operando Vibrational Raman Studies of Chlorine Contamination in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Reeping

Walker

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…power output [19,[21][22][23]. A Ni-P impurity layer is formed on the surface of the anode after exposure to PH 3 [24][25], and the rate of the P penetration into the anode can reach 1 lm per hour at 1,000 K [25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and Impurity Concentration Effects on Degradation of Nickel/Yttria‐stabilised Zirconia Anode in PH₃‐Containing Coal Syngas

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Degradation of the Ni/yttria‐stabilised zirconia (YSZ) anode of the solid oxide fuel cell has been evaluated in the coal syngas containing different PH3 concentrations in the temperature range from 750 to 900 °C. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations show that PH3 in the coal syngas gas is converted mostly to P2O3 at 750–900 °C. The phosphorous impurity reacts with the Ni‐YSZ anode to form phosphates. The P‐impurity poisoning leads to the deactivation of the Ni catalyst and to the reduction in the electronic conductivity of the anode. The impurity poisoning effect on the anode is exacerbated by increase in the temperature and/or the PH3 concentration.

show abstract

“…The model easily allows change and parameterization of any variable in it, such as SOFC current density, operating temperature, fuel utilization factor, etc., which are treated as independent design parameters that can individually be varied. The overall performance is thus predicted based on the validated data adopted from previous studies [5,38,[43][44][45]. As summarized in Table 2, values of those parameters are used as constants throughout the study unless specifically mentioned.…”

Section: Simulations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal design and operation of a syngas-fuelled SOFC micro-CHP system for residential applications in different climate zones in China

Yang

Zhao

Liso

et al. 2014

Energy and Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Early version, also known as pre-print Link to publication from Aalborg University Citation for published version (APA):Yang, W., Zhao, Y., Liso, V., & Brandon, N. (2014). Optimal design and operation of a syngas-fuelled SOFC micro CHP system for residential applications in different climate zones in China. Energy and Buildings, 80, 613-622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.05.015 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.? Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. ? You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain ? You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at vbn@aub.aau.dk providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. t r a c tFuel cell based micro-CHP systems are expected to be one of the most promising technologies for implementation in the residential sector. Since the design and operation of such CHP systems are greatly dependent upon the seasonal atmospheric conditions, it is important to evaluate their performance under difference climate conditions to ensure that it is well matched with the local heat-to-power ratio. The aim of this study is to investigate the optimal design and operation of a syngas-fuelled SOFC micro-CHP system for small households located in five different climate zones in China. The ability of the micro-CHP to cover the heat and electricity demand of a 70 m 2 single-family apartment with an average number of occupants of 3 is evaluated. A detailed model of the micro-CHP unit coupled with a hot water storage tank and an auxiliary boiler is developed. System design trade-offs are discussed to determine the optimal match between the energy demand of the household for different climates across China and the energy supply of the micro-CHP during the whole year. Moreover, criteria for sizing the system components of the micro-CHP are specifically addressed. The developed methodology can be applied to different types of residence with different load profiles.

show abstract

The effect of IGFC warm gas cleanup system conditions on the gas–solid partitioning and form of trace species in coal syngas and their interactions with SOFC anodes

Abstract: • Gasification-Convert coal into coal syngas (CSG) • Cleanup-Remove contaminants from CSG • Fuel Cells-Directly convert chemical energy to electricity − U.S. DOE investing in development of all technologies

Cited by 120 publications

References 10 publications

In Operando Vibrational Raman Studies of Chlorine Contamination in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

In Operando Vibrational Raman Studies of Chlorine Contamination in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Temperature and Impurity Concentration Effects on Degradation of Nickel/Yttria‐stabilised Zirconia Anode in PH₃‐Containing Coal Syngas

Optimal design and operation of a syngas-fuelled SOFC micro-CHP system for residential applications in different climate zones in China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The effect of IGFC warm gas cleanup system conditions on the gas–solid partitioning and form of trace species in coal syngas and their interactions with SOFC anodes

Abstract: • Gasification-Convert coal into coal syngas (CSG) • Cleanup-Remove contaminants from CSG • Fuel Cells-Directly convert chemical energy to electricity − U.S. DOE investing in development of all technologies

Cited by 120 publications

References 10 publications

In Operando Vibrational Raman Studies of Chlorine Contamination in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

In Operando Vibrational Raman Studies of Chlorine Contamination in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Temperature and Impurity Concentration Effects on Degradation of Nickel/Yttria‐stabilised Zirconia Anode in PH3‐Containing Coal Syngas

Optimal design and operation of a syngas-fuelled SOFC micro-CHP system for residential applications in different climate zones in China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Temperature and Impurity Concentration Effects on Degradation of Nickel/Yttria‐stabilised Zirconia Anode in PH₃‐Containing Coal Syngas