The effect of hull removal and pearling on Fusarium species and trichothecenes in hulless barley

Abstract

. 1997. The effect of hull removal and pearling on Fusarium species and trichothecenes in hulless barley. Can. J. Plant Sci. 77: 161-166. Fourteen samples consisting of three cultivars of hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), grown commercially in southern Manitoba in 1994, were examined for levels of Fusarium species and seven fusarium trichothecene mycotoxins: deoxynivalenol (DON), diacetoxyscirpenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15ADON), fusarenone-X, HT-2 toxin, neosolaniol and T-2 toxin. Four fractions from each sample were analysed. These consisted of kernels with the hulls still attached, kernels whose hulls had been removed at harvest, kernels that had been dehulled in the laboratory using a deawner, and kernels that had been pearled in the laboratory to 60% of their original weight. A composite sample of the hulls, obtained from the laboratory dehulling, was also tested. Mycotoxins were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. DON and 15ADON were the only trichothecenes detected in this study. The greatest numbers of propagules of Fusarium spp. and the highest concentrations of DON and 15ADON were found in the hulls. The average concentrations of F. graminearum Schwabe and DON in barley were reduced: 90 and 49%, respectively, as a consequence of laboratory dehulling; 95 and 59%, respectively, as a result of dehulling during harvest; and 99 and 86%, respectively, as a result of pearling. Results suggest that growing hulless cultivars shows promise for management of mycotoxin problems associated with FHB.

Evaluation of Canadian barley breeding lines for Fusarium head blight resistance

“…Regarding the correlation of FHB parameters with the hull trait, the results were not consistent in literature. According to Clear et al (1997), over 50% of DON initially present on barley grain could be removed during the dehulling process, which was in agreement with the results of Zhou et al (1991) and Legzdina and Buerstmayr (2004), in which hulless varieties showed lower DON content than hulled lines. However, Chen et al (1991) found the opposite trend in a collection of 4163 Chinese barley varieties, and Legge et al (2004) also noticed the existence of Canadian hulless barley lines with very high DON content.…”

Occurrence ofFusariumT-2 and HT-2 toxins in oats from cultivar studies in Germany and degradation of the toxins during grain cleaning treatment and food processing

“…De-hulling of oats led to a T-2/ HT-2 reduction of 98% in the mean, where reduction varied between 93.8% and 100%. These results are similar to those in oats from northern Europe (Scudamore et al 2007) and Canada (Clear et al 1997). The major reduction of T-2/HT-2 toxins obtained by de-hulling clarify why consumer products from retail markets in Germany had very little Table 4.…”

Relationship of Deoxynivalenol Content in Grain, Chaff, and Straw with Fusarium Head Blight Severity in Wheat Varieties with Various Levels of Resistance

“…Snijiders et al and Doohan et al reported the ability of the toxin to translocate from chaff to the grain [ 36 , 37 ]. Data from previous studies suggest that the highest accumulation of mycotoxins in the barley hull [ 38 ]. Legzdina et al reported that hulless barley tends to be less prone to mycotoxin contamination than covered barley, assuming a similar level of field FHB severity [ 39 ].…”