The effect of gender, age, and body mass index on the medial and lateral posterior tibial slopes: a magnetic resonance imaging study

Abstract

Background The posterior tibial slope (PTS) is crucial in knee joint stability and in maintaining the natural movement of the knee. An increase in the PTS is associated with various knee pathologic conditions, such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and anterior tibial translation (ATT). In the present study, we aimed to establish native medial and lateral PTS values for adult Saudis and to identify any association between PTS and gender, age, and body mass index (BMI). Materials and methods A total of 285 consecutive, normal, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the knee were included in the study. The PTS was measured using the proximal anatomical axis of the tibia. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the medial and lateral PTS angles between age groups. The difference between the medial and lateral posterior tibial slopes was assessed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to compare the medial and lateral PTS angles between men and women. Age, gender, and BMI were analyzed by multivariate linear regression to determine whether they positively predict the medial and lateral PTS angles. Results The mean physiological medial PTS was 5.86 ± 3.0° and 6.61 ± 3.32°, and the lateral PTS was 4.41 ± 3.35° and 4.63 ± 2.85° in men and women, respectively. This difference showed no statistically significant gender dimorphism (p > 0.05). The medial PTS was significantly larger than the lateral PTS (p < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in the medial and lateral PTS angles between age groups (p > 0.05). Higher BMI was significantly associated with a steeper medial PTS (p = 0.001). Conclusions This study provided native values for medial and lateral PTS angles in Saudis, which can assist surgeons in maintaining normal knee PTS during surgery. The PTS was not influenced by age. The medial PTS was significantly larger than the lateral PTS in men and women. The PTS showed no significant gender dimorphism. BMI was significantly associated with the medial PTS.

Radiographic measurement of the posterior tibial slope in normal Chinese adults: a retrospective cohort study

“…Medda et al [ 53 ] found that there was no significant correlation between the PTS and sex in studies in the Indian population. In the present study, there were no significant differences in the PTS between the left and right sides ( P > 0.05), similar to the findings reported by Kacmaz et al [ 9 , 18 , 54 ]. Our study found that PTS differed among different age groups with some regularity, which was similar to the findings of Sun et al [ 24 ].…”

Radiograph Measurement of the Posterior Tibial Slope in Normal Chinese Adults: a Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Medda et al [33] found that there was no signi cant correlation between the PTS and sex in studies including Indians. In this study, there were no signi cant differences in the PTS between the left and right sides (P>0.05), and these ndings were similar to those reported by Kacmaz et al [8,14,15]. In this study, the difference in the PTS between the different age groups was not affected by sex.…”

State of the Art: The Immunomodulatory Role of MSCs for Osteoarthritis

“…Osteoarthritis (OA) has a multifactorial etiology, including aging, obesity, previous injury, female, hormone level, and epigenetics [1][2][3]. The articular cartilages receive their nutrients by synovial fluid infiltration, which make it difficult for the cartilage to repair after injury [4,5].…”