The effect of ethanol on rat tongue and the possible protective role of royal jelly: Light and scanning electron microscopic study

Abstract

Background: Ethanol is the most commonly used and abused xenobiotic in the world. Royal jelly (RJ) has been considered as an antioxidant that protects against different agents. Aim of the work: This study aimed to investigate the effect of ethanol on the rat tongue and the possible protective role of royal jelly. Material and methods: Twenty five adult male rats were used in this study and were divided into 4 groups. Group I: 10 rats were divided equally into negative and positive controls. Group II: 5 rats received RJ at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight by gastric tube daily for 30 days. Group III: 5 rats received ethanol at a dose of 10 ml/kg body weight from 30% v/v ethanol solution in distilled water by a gastric tube daily for 30 days. Group IV: 5 rats received both RJ and ethanol as the same previous doses by gastric tube for 30 days. Tongue sections were histologically prepared and examined. Results:The results revealed that group II was nearly as group I. Group III revealed by LM dorsal surface of the tongue was covered by irregularly arranged, short and long lingual papillae. Some papillae were thin, with blunted tips and others were completely absent. The epithelial lining of the ventral surface also showed an apparent reduction in thickness. The keratin layer of the ventral surfaces of the tongue appeared in some regions discontinuous and detached. Some skeletal muscle fibers revealed separations and vacuolations. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination revealed a noticeable atrophy of lingual papillae from being short to being absent in focal areas. They were irregularly arranged in different directions. Group IV revealed amelioration of these changes. Conclusion: Ethanol has damaging effects on the lingual papillae and muscles and royal jelly has a protective role for these effects.

Effect of Nicotine on the Rat’s Tongue and the Possible Protective Role of Royal Jelly Light and Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

“…Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of nicotine + Royal jelly treated rats revealed marked improvement of the tongue mucosa in the form of regular orientation of the lingual filiform papillae and normal picture of the fungiform papillae, similar results were observed by a previous study that was carried out by SEM that royal jelly caused amelioration of the ethanol damaging effects on the lingual papillae (25) .Royal jelly was proved to have a potential repro-protective action against nicotineinduced sperm abnormalities and embryo-toxicity in mice and protects male mice against nicotine-induced reproductive failure (26) .On the other hand a previous study showed that honey caused marked regeneration of the lingual papillae observed by both light and SEM against the lead-induced lingual atrophy (27) .Bee products are considered to be a potential source of natural antioxidants such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, or terpenoids which are capable of counteracting the effects of oxidative stress underlying the pathogenesis of numerous diseases as well as negative effects of different harmful factors and drugs (8) .…”

Carcinogenic effect of potassium bromate on tongue of adult male albino rats

“…Atrophy of papillae was higher in filiform than in fungiform papillae; this is supported by Altayeb & Salem (2017) and may be illustrated by Osman et al (2006) who mentioned that cells of filiform papillae have a high metabolic activity and so any nutritional deficiency, vascular changes or enzymatic disturbance would lead to their atrophy and damage faster and earlier before any other papillae.…”

In vitro cytoprotective and in vivo anti-oral mucositis effects of melatonin and its derivatives

“…These changes were probably due to the oxidative stress induced by the chemotherapeutic agent, 5-FU. The chemotherapeutic agent produced ROS, which can injure several macromolecules in the cell such as proteins, DNA and lipids ( Altayeb & Salem, 2017 ).…”