The effect of discontinuation of postmilking teat disinfection in low somatic cell count herds. I. Incidence of clinical mastitis

Lam, T.J.G.M.; Vliet, J.H. van; Schukken, Y.H.; Grommers, F.J.; Velden‐Russcher, A. van; Barkema, Herman W.; Brand, A.

doi:10.1080/01652176.1997.9694738

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…To combat mastitis, sophisticated models, such as the five-point-plan, have been adopted worldwide and have resulted in significant reduction of subclinical mastitis. However, despite classical efforts for control and prevention, the susceptibility of cows to coliform infection is increasing [131,205,224]. Moreover, from both epidemiological and experimental studies it can be concluded that severity of coliform mastitis is of much more concern than its incidence.…”

Section: Clinical Severity Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

et al. 2003

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-Intramammary infections of dairy cows with Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (major cause of mastitis) have received a lot of attention because of their major economic impact on the dairy farm through production losses induced by an increase in somatic cell count. Management strategies, including greater awareness for efficient milking and hygienic measures, have limited the spread of Gram-positive bacteria and resulted in a significant decrease of proportion of S. aureus isolates and subclinical mastitis worldwide. Other organisms such as coliform subspecies and Streptococcus uberis, both environmental bacteria that cause clinical mastitis, have received less attention. Escherichia coli causes inflammation of the mammary gland in dairy cows around parturition and during early lactation with striking local and sometimes severe systemic clinical symptoms. This disease affects many high producing cows in dairy herds and may cause several cases of death per year in the most severe cases. It is well known that bacterial, cow and environmental factors are interdependent and influence mastitis susceptibility. Many studies, executed during the last decade, indicate that the severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors rather than by E. coli pathogenicity. During E. coli mastitis, the host defense status is a cardinal factor determining the outcome of the disease. Today, we know that the neutrophil is a key factor in the cows' defense against intramammary infection with E. coli. Effective elimination of the pathogen by neutrophils is important for the resolution of infection and the outcome of E. coli mastitis. This review is a compilation of some major findings over the last 15 years concerning mainly host factors that modulate and influence neutrophil function and the mammary inflammatory reaction. The individual chapters address: virulence factors of E. coli strains, how neutrophils kill E. coli, connection between endotoxins, tumor necrosis factor-a and nitric oxide, severity classification of E. coli mastitis, lifespan of neutrophils, host factors that influence severity, tissue damage and production loss.

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Section: Clinical Severity Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

et al. 2003

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“…There was no cure of already infected quarters (Parker et al, 2008). However, both Schukken et al (1991) and Lam et al (1997) identified an association between the use of iodine PMTD and more clinical coliform mastitis. These are both field studies, however Schukken et al's (1991) study were not based on randomisation of herds and could thus have a selection bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The influence of iodine teat dipping and an external teat sealant in heifers on bacterial isolation from quarter milk culture obtained post-calving

Østerås

Whist

Sølverød³

2008

Livestock Science

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“…We have extended the modelling of Lam et al [7,8,[18][19][20], on the transmission of mastitis pathogens as well as providing some validation of a standard multispecies model structure [6]. The model also permits an explanation for the drop in basic reproduction number reported by Lam et al [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Barkema et al [21] observed that approximately 60 % of Dutch dairy farms were practicing postmilking teat disinfection. Evidence already exists that casts doubt on the efficacy of postmilking teat disinfection in the prevention of Escherichia coli (a colifom, major pathogen) [20]. Infections with Escherichia coli usually originate from the environment and are not prevented by teat disinfection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multispecies model for the transmission and control of mastitis in dairy cows

White

Schukken

Lam³

et al. 2001

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYMastitis in dairy cows is a significant economic and animal welfare issue in the dairy industry. The bacterial pathogens responsible for infection of the mammary gland may be split into two main categories : major and minor pathogens. Infection with major pathogens generally results in clinical illness or strong inflammatory responses and reduced milk yields, whereas minor pathogen infection is usually subclinical. Previous investigations have considered the transmission of these pathogens independently. Experimental evidence has shown crossprotection between species of pathogens. In this study a mathematical model for the coupled transmission of major and minor pathogens along with their interaction via the host was developed in order to consider various methods for controlling the incidence of major pathogen infection. A stability analysis of the model equilibria provides explanations for observed phenomena and previous decoupled modelling results. This multispecies model structure has provided a basis for quantifying the extent of cross-protection between species and assessing possible control strategies against the disease.

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The effect of discontinuation of postmilking teat disinfection in low somatic cell count herds. I. Incidence of clinical mastitis

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors

The influence of iodine teat dipping and an external teat sealant in heifers on bacterial isolation from quarter milk culture obtained post-calving

A multispecies model for the transmission and control of mastitis in dairy cows

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