The effect of different storage media on the monomer elution and hardness of CAD/CAM composite blocks

Alamoush, Rasha A.; Sung, Rehana; Satterthwaite, Julian D.; Silikas, Nick

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2021.04.009

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The continuous immersion of a ceramic material in a low pH solution dissolves the ceramic material and elementary components such as silica, potassium and aluminum released by the glassy phase [ 8 ]. Our baseline findings of MII hardness values are in line with previous studies [ 20 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of Acidic Environment on the Hardness, Surface Roughness and Wear Ability of CAD/CAM Resin-Matrix Ceramics

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to measure the effect of storage environment on the hardness, surface roughness and wear ability of CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics. A total of 200 rectangular-shaped specimens were obtained by sectioning 5 CAD/CAM blocks; Crystal Ultra (CU), Vita Enamic (VE), Lava Ultimate (LU), Cerasmart (CS) and Vita blocks Mark II (MII). Microhardness and surface roughness were measured at baseline and after 7 days of immersion either in saliva or cola (n = 10). The wear ability of the CAD/CAM materials against steatite-ceramics antagonist was determined using a chewing simulator. The data were statistically analyzed using factorial ANOVA followed by post hoc Bonferroni multiple comparison tests (p < 0.05). The independent factors significantly influenced the microhardness and surface roughness (p < 0.05). The highest VHN was observed in MII at baseline (586.97 ± 13.95), while CU showed the lowest VHN after 7 days of immersion in cola (68.3 ± 1.89). On the contrary, the highest Ra was observed after 120,000 chewing cycles for the VE specimens (1.09 ± 0.43 µm) immersed in cola, while LU showed the lowest Ra at baseline (0.07 ± 0.01 µm). The highest % mass loss of the antagonist was observed with MII immersed in cola (1.801%), while CS demonstrated the lowest % mass loss of 0.004% and 0.007% in AS and cola, respectively. This study confirms that the surface properties of tested CAD/CAM materials are susceptible to degradation in an acidic environment except for hardness and wear of CS material.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Influence of Acidic Environment on the Hardness, Surface Roughness and Wear Ability of CAD/CAM Resin-Matrix Ceramics

et al. 2022

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“…PEEK has very stable chemical and physical properties due to the presence of an aryl ring containing ketone and other groups. Consequently, it has resistance to surface modification; it is stable at high temperatures and has shown low solubility and water sorption compared to other polymer-based CAD/CAM materials [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The special chemical structure of PEEK exhibits stable chemical and physical properties [ 3 ]. PEEK has the lowest solubility and water absorption values compared to PMMA and composites, a good chemical resistance against almost all solvents with almost zero water uptakes compared to alloys and ceramics, and exceptional tribological properties [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Characteristics and Color Stability of Dental PEEK Related to Water Saturation and Thermal Cycling

et al. 2022

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(1) Background: The study was undertaken to evaluate the surface characteristics, microhardness, and color stability of PEEK materials related to water saturation and in vitro aging. (2) Methods: Custom specimens of unmodified and modified PEEK CAD/CAM materials were investigated: BioHPP, a ceramic reinforced PEEK, and Finoframe PEEK and Juvora medical PEEK, 100% PEEK materials. Forty-eight plates were sectioned in rectangular slices. The specimens were immersed in distilled water at 37 °C for a period of 28 days, and then subjected to aging by thermal cycling (10,000 cycles). Surface roughness was measured with a contact profilometer; nanosurface topographic characterization was made by Atomic Force Microscopy; Vickers hardness measurements were performed with a micro-hardness tester; color changes were calculated. All registrations were made before immersion in water and then subsequently once a week for 4 weeks, and after thermocycling. (3) Results: The studied reinforced and unfilled PEEK materials reached water saturation after the first week of immersion, without significant differences between them. The most affected from this point of view was the reinforced PEEK material. Thermocycling induces a significant increase inmicroroughness, without significant differences between the studied materials. In relation to the nanosurface topography and roughness, the reinforced PEEK material was the least modified by aging. The color changes after 4 weeks of water immersion and one year of simulated in vitro aging ranged from extremely slight to slight, for all materials. (4) Conclusions: Water absorption was associated with a decrease in microhardness. Surface characteristics are affected by water immersion and thermocycling. Perceivable or marked color changes of the materials were not detected during the study.

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“…In the present study, two CAD/CAM materials used for indirect restorations and one resin composite material used for direct restorations were investigated for monomer elution in common beverages. Experiment was also performed to examine the monomer elution of polymer materials into aqueous solution [ 19 ], at various time periods [ 20 ], and in different immersion media [ 21 ]. More studies used a 75% ethanol/water solution, which acts as a food simulator according to the Food and Drug Administration guidelines to induce artificial aging of the restorations [ 3 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the enhanced chemical properties of CAD/CAM materials is the low monomer release compared to that of the light-cured materials [ 13 ]. This has been the main challenge in several studies wherein CAD/CAM materials have been proved to leach fewer monomers regardless of the immersion solution, such as 75% ethanol [ 19 ], distilled water [ 27 ], artificial saliva [ 21 ], or the dental procedure of bleaching [ 28 ] and laser bleaching [ 5 ]. In the present study, the two representative CAD/CAM materials showed less monomer elution than the resin composite used for direct restorations when the materials were immersed in beverages consumed daily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monomers Release from Direct and Indirect Resin-Based Restorations after Immersion in Common Beverages

et al. 2022

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Impurities or degradation of the components of resin-based materials have been throughout investigated by the dental scientific community. The aim of this study is to examine if there is a release of monomers from resin-based materials when they are immersed in common beverage materials which are consumed by the population in large quantities. Three representative dental materials were used for this study, one resin composite indicated for direct restorations and two Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials with different methods of fabrication. Forty specimens were fabricated from each material using a low-speed precision sectioning blade 12 × 14 × 2 mm in size and immersed in wine, coffee or cola for 48 h and 12 days, equivalent to 1 month and 1 year of consumption. The materials released more monomers when the materials were immersed in the wine solution (p < 0.05). CAD/CAM materials release less monomers compared to the resin composite material indicated for direct restorations (p < 0.05). The CAD/CAM materials leach a limited quantity of monomers when they are immersed in common beverages due to the manufacturing process which includes high-temperature/high-pressure polymerization.

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The effect of different storage media on the monomer elution and hardness of CAD/CAM composite blocks

Cited by 15 publications

References 80 publications

Influence of Acidic Environment on the Hardness, Surface Roughness and Wear Ability of CAD/CAM Resin-Matrix Ceramics

Influence of Acidic Environment on the Hardness, Surface Roughness and Wear Ability of CAD/CAM Resin-Matrix Ceramics

Surface Characteristics and Color Stability of Dental PEEK Related to Water Saturation and Thermal Cycling

Monomers Release from Direct and Indirect Resin-Based Restorations after Immersion in Common Beverages

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