The Effect of Custom-Made Braces for the Ankle and Hindfoot on Ankle and Foot Kinematics and Ground Reaction Forces

Ambulatory assessment of 3D ground reaction force using plantar pressure distribution

“…Three-dimensional (3D) ground reaction force (GRF) composed by three components, i.e., anterior-posterior (F AP ), medial-lateral (F ML ) and vertical (F V ), as well as frictional torque (T F ) are often used in the lower limb joint moments and powers calculation [1] and is a significant indicator in clinical evaluations [2][3][4]. 3D GRF is generally measured by force-plate, which is often limited to a single stance during gait.…”

Kinematic adaptations of the hindfoot, forefoot, and hallux during cross-slope walking

“…This modeling representation has been noted to be insufficient to assess foot pathologies [12] or form specific treatments [13]. The human foot is an intricate, multi-joint mechanism, which is fundamental for the interaction between the lower limb and ground during locomotion [14].…”

Modeling neuromuscular effects of ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) in computer simulations of gait

“…Stroke patients wearing AFOs can improve gait speed [2], increase cadence and step length [3] and ipsilateral support [4]. AFOs also alter ground reaction forces in healthy adults [5]. However, neuromuscular effects are not preserved even after long-term AFO use [6].…”