The effect of cultivar, seeding rate and applied nitrogen onBrassica carinataseed yield and quality in contrasting environments

Abstract

Pan, X., Caldwell, C. D., Falk, K. C. and Lada, R. 2012. The effect of cultivar, seeding rate and applied nitrogen on Brassica carinata seed yield and quality in contrasting environments. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 961–971. The unremitting growth of oilseed demand makes it necessary to explore alternative oilseed crops to meet this requirement. This study evaluated the effects of genotype, seeding rate and nitrogen (N) supply on the seed yield and quality of oilseed Brassica carinata A. Braun in three contrasting environments (Truro, NS, Harrington, PE and Saskatoon, SK). Useful genetic variation in agronomic and seed quality characteristics was found among these 10 B. carinata genotypes and genotype selection requires location specific recommendation. Line 050488EM had consistently good yield in both Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, while line 070768EM displayed better yield stability across 2 yr in Saskatchewan. Because of the high degree of compensatory ability to low plant population, maximum seed yield of B. carinata can be achieved over the range from 34 to 114 plants m−2. No significant difference in oil and protein content of seed due to seeding rates was observed. The linear increase in seed and oil yield with increased N rate up to 150 kg ha−1 indicates that B. carinata is highly responsive to applied N. Increases in N supply resulted in a decrease in oil content and a corresponding increase in protein content in all experiments. In summary, the findings of this study provide convincing evidence of the agronomic adaptation of B. carinata to all three locations.

Comparison of several Brassica species in the north central U.S. for potential jet fuel feedstock

“…When the rankings were average across all sites for 2013 and 2014, the two common commercial lines of canola, DK3042 (DeKalb) and Invigor L130 (Bayer Crop Sciences) tended to be the highest ranking in yield performance. The B. carinata cultivar 080814 EM also performed well indicating that significant progress is being made in its development as a biofuel feedstock for North America (Pan et al, 2012). Conversely, the S. alba cultivar Idagold and B. napus cultivar Gem were consistently low yielding across sites.…”

“…However, B. carinata, which has more recently undergone development as a biofuel feedstock in North America performed as well or better than the B. napus and B. juncea genotypes in the present study. Similarly, Pan et al (2012) reported that several recently developed B. carinata cultivars preformed as well or better than a common commercial line of B. juncea (AC Vulcan) across a diversity of environments in Canada. Conversely, Blackshaw et al (2011) found that B. carinata did not perform as well as several other Brassica species in the Prairie Province region of Canada.…”

“…Conversely, Blackshaw et al (2011) found that B. carinata did not perform as well as several other Brassica species in the Prairie Province region of Canada. However, in that study, an older common germplasm line was used that may not have been as well adapted to the given environments as the newer lines used in the Pan et al (2012) study.…”

“…Recent efforts are underway by the Canadian government to develop B. carinata (Ethiopian mustard) as a jet fuel feedstock adapted to cool short-season environments (Taylor et al, 2010). Research on B. carinata has shown that it can compete yield-wise with B. napus while producing industrial quality oil rather than that for food use (Pan et al, 2012). Likewise, S. alba is well adapted to cool short-season environments and has been considered as a potential feedstock for advanced biofuels (Blackshaw et al, 2011).…”

Agronomic Responses of Brassica carinata to Herbicide, Seeding Rate, and Nitrogen on the Northern Great Plains

“…Therefore, improvement of N fertilizer management is important, which requires an understanding of crop responses to different levels of fertilizer in different agroecosystems (Pilorgé et al, 2006). Some reports show that carinata seed yield increases with increasing N rate up to 150 kg N ha −1 (Pan et al, 2012). Some reports show that carinata seed yield increases with increasing N rate up to 150 kg N ha −1 (Pan et al, 2012).…”