The Effect of Brief Exercise on Circulating CD34+ Stem Cells in Early and Late Pubertal Boys

Zaldivar, Frank; Eliakim, Alon; Radom‐Aizik, Shlomit; Leu, Szu-Yun

doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e3180332d36

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our programme, which consisted of a combination of aerobic and resistance training, resulted in an increase in the percentage of CD34 + and CD133 + cells in children who exercised. Similar findings have been recently reported by Zaldivar and colleagues [20], who showed that a brief bout of moderate to vigorous cycling exercise resulted in a significant increase in CD34 + (haematopoietic stem cells) in pubertal boys. However, to our knowledge these data provide the first evidence that combined aerobic and resistance exercise training may represent an effective strategy to improve vascular repair markers in overweight and obese children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A 12-week after-school physical activity programme improves endothelial cell function in overweight and obese children: a randomised controlled study

et al. 2012

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BackgroundEndothelial dysfunction is associated with childhood obesity and is closely linked to the amount and function of endothelial progenitor cells. However, it remains unclear whether endothelial progenitor cells increase with after-school exercise in overweight and obese children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an after-school exercise programme on endothelial cell function in overweight and obese children.MethodsA total of 29 overweight/obese children (12.2 ± 0.1 years) were randomly divided into control (i.e. no after-school exercise, n = 14) and after-school exercise (n = 15) groups. The 12-week after-school exercise intervention consisted of 3 days of combined aerobic and resistance exercise per week. Each 80-minute exercise programme included 10 minutes of warm-up and 10 minutes of cool-down after school. CD34+ (a cell surface marker on hematopoietic stem cells), CD133+ (a cell surface marker on hematopoietic progenitor cells) and CD34+/CD133+ (considered as endothelial progenitor cells) were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks using flow cytometry.ResultsIncreased percentages of CD34+, CD133+ and CD34+/CD133+ cells were observed in the after-school exercise group (p = 0.018; p = 0.001; p = 0.002, respectively) compared with the control group. Carotid intima-media thickness decreased after 12 weeks in the after-school exercise group (p = 0.020) compared with the control group.ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that a combined after-school exercise programme may represent an effective intervention strategy for improving vascular repair and endothelial cell function, leading to improved cardiovascular health in overweight and obese children.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN19037201

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A 12-week after-school physical activity programme improves endothelial cell function in overweight and obese children: a randomised controlled study

et al. 2012

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“…Similarly, seventeen cross-sectional studies evaluated by Woods et al (2006) reported an inverse correlation between physical activity and CRP levels. Moreover, brief exercise in young adolescent males has been shown to significantly increase a chemokine protein called chemokine (CXC Motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) [formerly known as stromal cell-derived factor 1], an important factor involved in angiogenesis (Zaldivar et al, 2007). …”

Section: Putative Mechanisms Underlying the Relationship Of Physical mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective effects of physical activity on the brain: a closer look at trophic factor signaling

Phillips

Baktir

Srivatsan

et al. 2014

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

251

180

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While the relationship between increased physical activity and cognitive ability has been conjectured for centuries, only recently have the mechanisms underlying this relationship began to emerge. Convergent evidence suggests that physical activity offers an affordable and effective method to improve cognitive function in all ages, particularly the elderly who are most vulnerable to neurodegenerative disorders. In addition to improving cardiac and immune function, physical activity alters trophic factor signaling and, in turn, neuronal function and structure in areas critical for cognition. Sustained exercise plays a role in modulating anti-inflammatory effects and may play a role in preserving cognitive function in aging and neuropathological conditions. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that myokines released by exercising muscles affect the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor synthesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, a finding that could lead to the identification of new and therapeutically important mediating factors. Given the growing number of individuals with cognitive impairments worldwide, a better understanding of how these factors contribute to cognition is imperative, and constitutes an important first step toward developing non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies to improve cognition in vulnerable populations.

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“…It has been known for decades that individual bouts of exercise lead to an increase in circulating leukocytes and even stem cells (1,10,24,91,114,158). This is a remarkably reproducible, substantial, somewhat dose-dependent phenomenon known to exist in children and adults, as well as in other mammals (34,55,64,105).…”

Section: The Stress and Inflammatory Response To Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Dangerous exercise: lessons learned from dysregulated inflammatory responses to physical activity

Cooper¹,

Radom‐Aizik²,

Schwindt³

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Physiology

Self Cite

123

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Exercise elicits an immunological "danger" type of stress and inflammatory response that, on occasion, becomes dysregulated and detrimental to health. Examples include anaphylaxis, exercise-induced asthma, overuse syndromes, and exacerbation of intercurrent illnesses. In dangerous exercise, the normal balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses is upset. A possible pathophysiological mechanism is characterized by the concept of exercise modulation of previously activated leukocytes. In this model, circulating leukocytes are rendered more responsive than normal to the immune stimulus of exercise. For example, in the case of exercise anaphylaxis, food-sensitized immune cells may be relatively innocuous until they are redistributed during exercise from gut-associated circulatory depots, like the spleen, into the central circulation. In the case of asthma, the prior activation of leukocytes may be the result of genetic or environmental factors. In the case of overuse syndromes, the normally short-lived neutrophil may, because of acidosis and hypoxia, inhibit apoptosis and play a role in prolongation of inflammation rather than healing. Dangerous exercise demonstrates that the stress/inflammatory response caused by physical activity is robust and sufficiently powerful, perhaps, to alter subsequent responses. These longer term effects may occur through as yet unexplored mechanisms of immune "tolerance" and/or by a training-associated reduction in the innate immune response to brief exercise. A better understanding of sometimes failed homeostatic physiological systems can lead to new insights with significant implication for clinical translation.

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The Effect of Brief Exercise on Circulating CD34+ Stem Cells in Early and Late Pubertal Boys

Cited by 37 publications

References 30 publications

A 12-week after-school physical activity programme improves endothelial cell function in overweight and obese children: a randomised controlled study

A 12-week after-school physical activity programme improves endothelial cell function in overweight and obese children: a randomised controlled study

Neuroprotective effects of physical activity on the brain: a closer look at trophic factor signaling

Dangerous exercise: lessons learned from dysregulated inflammatory responses to physical activity

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