The Effect of Birth Month on the Risk of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalization in the First Year of Life in the United States

Lloyd, Patricia C.; May, Larissa; Hoffman, Daniel A.; Riegelman, Richard K.; Simonsen, Lone

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000000250

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Our study provides further evidence for several high-risk groups and known risk factors for RSVH, including birth in proximity to the RSV season, maternal smoking, low social class/deprivation, male sex, siblings in the household, and multiple births [19][20][21]. Children born prematurely were found to be at increased risk of RSVH, including those born moderate-late preterm (33-35 wGA), where the incidence was more than double that in term children (4.6% vs. 1.9%, respectively; p < 0.0001).…”

Section: Maximal Burden Of Rsvhmentioning

confidence: 51%

Clinical burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection during the first 2 years of life in children born between 2000 and 2011 in Scotland

Thwaites

Buchan²,

Fullarton³

et al. 2020

Eur J Pediatr

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National data from Scotland (all births from 2000 to 2011) were used to estimate the burden associated with respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation (RSVH) during the first 2 years of life. RSVHs were identified using the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes. Of 623,770 children, 13,362 (2.1%) had ≥ 1 RSVH by 2 years, with the overall rate being 27.2/1000 (16,946 total RSVHs). Median age at first RSVH was 137 days (interquartile range [IQR] 62-264), with 84.3% of admissions occurring by 1 year. Median length of stay was 2 (IQR 1-4) days and intensive care unit (ICU) admission was required by 4.3% (727) for a median 5 (IQR 2-8) days. RSVHs accounted for 6.9% (5089/73,525) of ICU bed days and 6.2% (64,395/1,033,121) of overall bed days (5370/year). RSVHs represented 8.5% (14,243/168,205) of all admissions between October and March and 14.2% (8470/59,535) between December and January. RSVH incidence ranged from 1.7 to 2.5%/year over the study period. Preterms (RSVH incidence 5.2%), and those with congenital heart disease (10.5%), congenital lung disease (11.2%), Down syndrome (14.8%), cerebral palsy (15.5%), cystic fibrosis (12.6%), and neuromuscular disorders (17.0%) were at increased risk of RSVH.Conclusions: RSV causes a substantial burden on Scottish paediatric services during the winter months.

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Section: Maximal Burden Of Rsvhmentioning

confidence: 51%

Clinical burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection during the first 2 years of life in children born between 2000 and 2011 in Scotland

Thwaites

Buchan²,

Fullarton³

et al. 2020

Eur J Pediatr

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“…Our findings regarding the relative burden of RSV-and influenza-attributable hospitalization across overlapping age groups are also in agreement with other modeling studies [2, 8], but ours is the only study to investigate the RSV burden both in school children and in older seniors aged 75+ years. A caveat to our data is that most RSV hospitalizations occur in children less than 1 year of age [30], but we did not stratify the <5 years age group to give more age-specific estimates. Stratification of this age group would also be useful for influenza estimates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of hospitalization attributable to influenza and RSV in the US during 1997–2009, by age and risk status

Taylor²,

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEstimates of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) burden must be periodically updated to inform public health strategies. We estimated seasonal influenza- and RSV-attributable hospitalizations in the US from 1997 to 2009 according to age and risk status (NCT01599390).MethodsMultiple linear regression modelling was used to attribute hospitalizations to influenza or RSV using virological surveillance and hospitalization data. Hospitalization data were obtained from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample and virology data were obtained from FluView (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Outcomes included any mention of ICD-coded respiratory disease and cardiorespiratory disease diagnoses. We also explored a broader definition of respiratory disease that included mention of relevant respiratory sign/symptoms and viral infection (“respiratory broad”).ResultsApplying the respiratory broad outcome, our model attributed ~300,000 and ~200,000 hospitalizations to influenza and RSV, respectively. Influenza A/H3N2 was the predominant cause of influenza-related hospitalizations in most seasons, except in three seasons when influenza B was dominant; likewise, A/H3N2 caused most influenza-related hospitalizations in all age segments, except in children <18 years where the relative contribution of A/H3N2 and B was similar. Most influenza A- and B-related hospitalizations occurred in seniors while approximately one half and one third of all RSV-related events occurred in children 0–4 years and seniors 65+ years, respectively. High-risk status was associated with higher risk of both influenza- and RSV-attributable hospitalizations in adults, but not in children.ConclusionsOur study assessed the burden of influenza and RSV, information that is important for both cost effectiveness studies and for prioritization of the development of antivirals and vaccines. For seniors, we found that the burdens of influenza and RSV were both substantial. Among children <18 years, about half of all influenza hospitalizations were due to influenza B, most occurring in children without noted risk conditions. RSV hospitalizations among children were confined to those 0–4 years. Our study also demonstrated the importance of the outcome used to estimate hospitalization burden. Our findings highlight the burden of influenza among children regardless of risk status and underscore the prevalence of RSV infections among both young children and older adults.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4177-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…A study from the United Kingdom reported higher risk in children younger than one year born between September and November, coinciding with their RSV outbreak beginning slightly earlier (between weeks 41 to 43) [ 27 ]. In the USA, infants under one year born in December and January have a greater risk of being hospitalized [ 28 ]. In Spain, greater risk of being admitted due to RSV has been described in children born during the second half of the year [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in children in northern Spain

et al. 2018

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ObjectivesUnderstanding respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) morbidity may help to plan health care and future vaccine recommendations. We aim to describe the characteristics and temporal distribution of children diagnosed with RSV admitted in a Spanish hospital.MethodsDescriptive study for which the hospital discharges of children < 5 years of age with RSV infection were analyzed. The information was extracted from the hospital discharge database of a reference pediatric hospital in northern Spain for the 2010–2011 to 2014–2015 RSV seasons.ResultsSix hundred and forty-seven hospitalizations of children with RSV infection were analyzed, 94% of which occurred between the second week of November and the last week of March. Most children (72%) were under one year of age and 95% were previously healthy infants. Infants born from October to December had the highest risk of hospitalization in the first year of life. The median length of hospital stay of children with and without comorbidities was six and three days, respectively. 6.5% of the hospitalized cases were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit; this percentage was higher among children < 2 months (adjusted odds ratio 4.15; 95% confidence interval: 1.37–12.61) or with comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio 4.15; 95% confidence interval: 1.53–11.28). The case lethality was 0.3%.ConclusionsThe risk of hospitalizations for RSV is high during the first year of life and increases among infants born in the fall. Being under two months of age and presenting comorbidities are the main risk factors associated to pediatric intensive care unit admission.

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The Effect of Birth Month on the Risk of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalization in the First Year of Life in the United States

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Clinical burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection during the first 2 years of life in children born between 2000 and 2011 in Scotland

Clinical burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection during the first 2 years of life in children born between 2000 and 2011 in Scotland

Estimates of hospitalization attributable to influenza and RSV in the US during 1997–2009, by age and risk status

Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in children in northern Spain

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