The Effect of B$^{3+}$ and Ca$^{2+}$Co-Doping on Factors Which Affect the Energy Resolution of Gd$_{{3}}$Ga$_{{3}}$Al$_{{2}}$O$_{{12}}$: Ce

Donnald, Samuel B.; Tyagi, Mohit; Rothfuss, H.; Meng, Fanman; Hayward, Jason P.; Koschan, Merry; Melcher, Charles L.

doi:10.1109/tns.2013.2277862

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The ratio of different cation concentrations in the lattice was observed to alter the scintillation properties [8]. In addition, recently our group has reported the effects of Ca, B, and Ba co-doping on the scintillation and optical properties of these crystals in detail [10], [11]. The co-doping with B improved both the scintillation light output and energy resolution along with minimizing the amount of self-absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The co-doping with B improved both the scintillation light output and energy resolution along with minimizing the amount of self-absorption. It was found that Ca co-doping affects these properties in the opposite manner [11]. Although co-doping did not change the crystal field around emitting ions, it did change the defect structure in the lattice that consequently affected the optical and scintillation properties [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Co-doping On the Radiation Hardness of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${{\rm Gd}_3}{{\rm Ga}_3}{{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_{12}}$</tex></formula>: Ce Scintillators

Tyagi

Meng

Koschan

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Single crystals of with Ca, B and Ba codopants were successfully grown using the Czochralski technique. The samples of each composition were irradiated to 10 kGy and 100 kGy gamma dose to determine the radiation induced absorption. The Ca co-doped crystal was found to have maximum induced absorption, while B and Ba co-doped were found to be more radiation hard. The reduction in transmission could be partially restored at room temperature without any annealing treatment of the crystals. The additional absorption was also measured after annealing the crystals in reducing environment and compared with the radiation induced absorption. Thermoluminescence measurements were carried out to explain the defect structure and recovery of the transmission reduction at room temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Co-doping On the Radiation Hardness of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${{\rm Gd}_3}{{\rm Ga}_3}{{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_{12}}$</tex></formula>: Ce Scintillators

Tyagi

Meng

Koschan

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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“…We have chosen boron (B) codoping for this work based on our previously reported results that B codoping improved the scintillation light output, energy resolution, radiation hardness, and self-absorption [9,14,15]. Single crystals of GGAG:Ce A novel approach is reported to minimize various defect centers in Ce doped Gd 3 Ga 3 Al 2 O 12 single crystals to improve the scintillation properties.…”

Section: Experimental Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of the scintillation properties of Gd₃ Ga₃ Al₂ O₁₂ :Ce,B single crystals having tailored defect structure

Tyagi

Singh

et al. 2015

Phys. Status Solidi RRL

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A novel approach is reported to minimize various defect centers in Ce doped Gd3Ga3Al2O12 single crystals to improve the scintillation properties. The crystals of Gd3Ga3Al2O12 codoped with 0.2 at% Ce and B (GGAG:Ce,B) have been grown in air and argon ambient using the Czochralski technique. The scintillation light output of crystals grown in Ar ambient was significantly increased after annealing the crystals in air. The measured light output of 60000 ph/MeV for annealed crystals is the highest value reported among this class of materials. As a consequence, the energy resolution at 662 keV gamma‐rays from a 137Cs source was improved from 8% for the crystals grown in air to 6% for crystals grown in Ar and subsequently annealed in air. Further, the thermal quenching energy of photoluminescence (PL) emission was increased to be 470 meV for the annealed crystals. The thermoluminescence (TL) measurements suggest that the crystals grown in Ar ambient and post‐growth annealed in air may have a lesser concentration of trap centers which subsequently lead to the improvement in optical and scintillation properties leading to a superior detector performance. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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“…Recently, our group extended the idea of codoping to Ce doped GGAG crystals, and reported the effect of Ca, B, and Ba codoping on energy resolution, scintillation kinetics and optical properties of Cedoped GGAG scintillators [9][10][11]. B and Ba codoping increased the light yield and improved the energy resolution, whereas Ca codoping shortened the scintillation decay time via eliminating many of the shallow electron traps, and decreased the light yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Ca2+ concentration and the properties of codoped Gd3Ga3Al2O12:Ce scintillators

Meng¹,

Koschan²,

Wu³

et al. 2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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The Effect of B$^{3+}$ and Ca$^{2+}$Co-Doping on Factors Which Affect the Energy Resolution of Gd$_{{3}}$Ga$_{{3}}$Al$_{{2}}$O$_{{12}}$: Ce

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Co-doping On the Radiation Hardness of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${{\rm Gd}_3}{{\rm Ga}_3}{{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_{12}}$</tex></formula>: Ce Scintillators

Effect of Co-doping On the Radiation Hardness of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${{\rm Gd}_3}{{\rm Ga}_3}{{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_{12}}$</tex></formula>: Ce Scintillators

Improvement of the scintillation properties of Gd₃ Ga₃ Al₂ O₁₂ :Ce,B single crystals having tailored defect structure

Relationship between Ca2+ concentration and the properties of codoped Gd3Ga3Al2O12:Ce scintillators

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The Effect of B$^{3+}$ and Ca$^{2+}$Co-Doping on Factors Which Affect the Energy Resolution of Gd$_{{3}}$Ga$_{{3}}$Al$_{{2}}$O$_{{12}}$: Ce

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Co-doping On the Radiation Hardness of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${{\rm Gd}_3}{{\rm Ga}_3}{{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_{12}}$</tex></formula>: Ce Scintillators

Effect of Co-doping On the Radiation Hardness of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${{\rm Gd}_3}{{\rm Ga}_3}{{\rm Al}_2}{{\rm O}_{12}}$</tex></formula>: Ce Scintillators

Improvement of the scintillation properties of Gd3 Ga3 Al2 O12 :Ce,B single crystals having tailored defect structure

Relationship between Ca2+ concentration and the properties of codoped Gd3Ga3Al2O12:Ce scintillators

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Improvement of the scintillation properties of Gd₃ Ga₃ Al₂ O₁₂ :Ce,B single crystals having tailored defect structure