The earliest Lunar Magma Ocean differentiation recorded in Fe isotopes

Wang, Kun; Jacobsen, S. B.; Sedaghatpour, Fatemeh; Chen, Heng; Korotev, R. L.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.08.019

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Alternatively, in adding to the identification of “Mg‐Suite” dunite 72415 as a pristine mantle rock (Wang et al. ), the Mg‐rich spinel assemblages in Dho 1528 could be additional reason to revise current constraints for the composition of the upper lunar mantle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, the spinel assemblages may represent Mg-suite materials that intruded the upper mantle but failed to ascend into the crust. Alternatively, in adding to the identification of "Mg-Suite" dunite 72415 as a pristine mantle rock (Wang et al 2015), the Mg-rich spinel assemblages in Dho 1528 could be additional reason to revise current constraints for the composition of the upper lunar mantle.…”

Section: Implications For the Lunar Mantlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cratering mechanics suggest that the largest lunar impact basins should have excavated rocks from the upper mantle that reaches to an approximate depth of 560 km Grieve 1998a, 1998b;Wieczorek et al 2006;Potter et al 2012;Miljkovi c et al 2015Miljkovi c et al , 2017. However, almost 50 years of petrologic studies of lunar rocks have produced little concrete evidence for a sample that represents the lunar mantle (with the possible exception of Wang et al [2015]; who identified dunite 72415 as a primary mantle cumulate based on Fe-isotopic evidence). Despite a wealth of knowledge from investigations of the mare basalts and volcanic glasses, derived from mantle melts, and geophysical and petrologic modeling (e.g., Warren 1985Warren , 2005Beard et al 1998;Khan et al 2000Khan et al , 2006Hallis et al 2014;Kuskov et al 2015) and remote sensing observations (e.g., McCallum 2001;Yamamoto et al 2010;Kramer et al 2013;Dhingra et al 2015), details of the composition and lithology of the Moon's mantle remain undetermined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spinel assemblages in lunar meteorites Graves Nunataks 06157 and Dhofar 1528: Implications for impact melting and equilibration in the Moon's upper mantle

Wittmann

Korotev

Jolliff

et al. 2018

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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Magnesium‐rich spinel assemblages occur in the two lunar vitric breccia meteorites—Dhofar (Dho) 1528 and Graves Nunataks (GRA) 06157. Dho 1528 contains up to ~0.7 mm cumulate Mg‐rich spinel crystals associated with Mg‐rich olivine, Mg‐ and Al‐rich pyroxene, plagioclase, and rare cordierite. Using thermodynamic calculations of these mineral assemblages, we constrain equilibration depths and discuss an origin of these lithologies in the upper mantle of the Moon. In contrast, small, 10 to 20 μm spinel phenocryst assemblages in glassy melt rock clasts in Dho 1528 and GRA 06157 formed from the impact melting of Mg‐rich rocks. Some of these spinel phenocrysts match compositional constraints for spinel associated with “pink spinel anorthosites” inferred from remote sensing data. However, such spinel phenocrysts in meteorites and Apollo samples are typically associated with significant amounts of olivine ± pyroxene that exceed the compositional constraints for pink spinel anorthosites. We conclude that the remotely sensed “pink spinel anorthosites” have not been observed in the collections of lunar rocks. Moreover, we discuss impact‐excavation scenarios for the spinel‐bearing assemblages in Dhofar 1528 and compare the bulk rock composition of Dho 1528 to strikingly similar compositions of Luna 20 samples that contain ejecta from the Crisium impact basin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For the Lunar Mantlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spinel assemblages in lunar meteorites Graves Nunataks 06157 and Dhofar 1528: Implications for impact melting and equilibration in the Moon's upper mantle

Wittmann

Korotev

Jolliff

et al. 2018

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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“…Many experimental and theoretical models along with elemental and isotopic data of lunar samples, including both stable and radiogenic isotopes, were used to determine the Moon's origin and magmatic evolution as well as the origin of lunar basalts, which are presumably partial melts of the cumulates produced during the LMO crystallization (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Over the last 2 decades, the nontraditional stable isotopes have also provided new insights into the accretion and magmatic evolution of planetary bodies including the Moon (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Most of the data (except for volatile elements such as K and Zn) show that among bodies in the solar system the bulk silicate Earth (BSE) and bulk silicate Moon (BSM) are uniquely similar, despite some variations among the lunar rocks.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Most Mg isotopic studies of lunar samples show a significant dichotomy between low-and high-Ti basalts (23,37,39). The isotope dichotomy in lunar basalts is also seen for other elements and is suggested to be the result of heterogeneities produced by the lunar magmatic differentiation (18,20,27,45); however, this assumption for Mg has not yet been well studied. Moreover, the isotopic composition of the lunar basalts is commonly used to estimate the isotopic composition of the BSM, but it remains unclear whether the basalts are the most representative of the BSM (27,32).…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnesium stable isotopes support the lunar magma ocean cumulate remelting model for mare basalts

Sedaghatpour

Jacobsen

2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We report high-precision Mg isotopic analyses of different types of lunar samples including two pristine Mg-suite rocks (72415 and 76535), basalts, anorthosites, breccias, mineral separates, and lunar meteorites. The Mg isotopic composition of the dunite 72415 (δ25Mg = −0.140 ± 0.010‰, δ26Mg = −0.291 ± 0.018‰), the most Mg-rich and possibly the oldest lunar sample, may provide the best estimate of the Mg isotopic composition of the bulk silicate Moon (BSM). This δ26Mg value of the Moon is similar to those of the Earth and chondrites and reflects both the relative homogeneity of Mg isotopes in the solar system and the lack of Mg isotope fractionation by the Moon-forming giant impact. In contrast to the behavior of Mg isotopes in terrestrial basalts and mantle rocks, Mg isotopic data on lunar samples show isotopic variations among the basalts and pristine anorthositic rocks reflecting isotopic fractionation during the early lunar magma ocean (LMO) differentiation. Calculated evolutions of δ26Mg values during the LMO differentiation are consistent with the observed δ26Mg variations in lunar samples, implying that Mg isotope variations in lunar basalts are consistent with their origin by remelting of distinct LMO cumulates.

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High-Temperature Fe Isotope Geochemistry

Beard

Weyer

2020

Iron Geochemistry: An Isotopic Perspective

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The earliest Lunar Magma Ocean differentiation recorded in Fe isotopes

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Spinel assemblages in lunar meteorites Graves Nunataks 06157 and Dhofar 1528: Implications for impact melting and equilibration in the Moon's upper mantle

Spinel assemblages in lunar meteorites Graves Nunataks 06157 and Dhofar 1528: Implications for impact melting and equilibration in the Moon's upper mantle

Magnesium stable isotopes support the lunar magma ocean cumulate remelting model for mare basalts

High-Temperature Fe Isotope Geochemistry

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