The Dynamic Model for Rest Completion in Peach Buds

Erez, A.; Fishman, Svetlana; Linsley-Noakes, G.C.; Allan, P.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1990.276.18

Cited by 174 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…While this variation may simply reflect variation in winter chill, we find it likely that the lower variation in the Dynamic Model is also an indication of the latter model’s higher accuracy. This finding supports earlier research showing the Dynamic Model to perform equally well or better than the other models (Luedeling et al 2009f; Ruiz et al 2007; Zhang and Taylor 2011), and it adds weight to several studies that have recommended using it more widely (Luedeling et al 2009f, 2011; Ruiz et al 2007; Zhang and Taylor 2011; Perez et al 2008; Erez 2000; Erez et al 1990; Luedeling and Brown 2011). Results from the analysis of walnuts in California (Table 3) also show the most clearly defined chilling requirements for the Dynamic Model, adding further evidence to the finding that Chill Portions are a more useful metric for winter chill than the traditional measures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The equations that this model is based on are more complex than for the other models but have been described by several authors (Darbyshire et al 2011; Luedeling and Brown 2011; Luedeling et al 2009e). In model comparisons, the Dynamic Model typically performs equally well or better than the other models (Luedeling et al 2009f; Ruiz et al 2007; Zhang and Taylor 2011), leading several studies to recommend using it more widely (Luedeling et al 2009f, 2011; Ruiz et al 2007; Zhang and Taylor 2011; Perez et al 2008; Erez 2000; Erez et al 1990; Luedeling and Brown 2011). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the climate of a given production site warms, cultivar choices may have to be updated to avoid yield losses due to insufficient chilling. Horticultural scientists have developed several models for quantifying winter chill (e.g., Erez et al 1990; Linsley-Noakes and Allan 1994; Richardson et al 1974; Weinberger 1950), and these can be used in conjunction with climate projections to project future winter chill. In recent years, chilling losses have been projected for a range of locations, including California (Baldocchi and Wong 2008; Luedeling et al 2009d), Australia (Darbyshire et al 2011), Egypt (Farag et al 2010) and high-mountain oases in Oman (Luedeling et al 2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of chilling and heat requirements of cherry trees—a statistical approach

2012

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Most trees from temperate climates require the accumulation of winter chill and subsequent heat during their dormant phase to resume growth and initiate flowering in the following spring. Global warming could reduce chill and hence hamper the cultivation of high-chill species such as cherries. Yet determining chilling and heat requirements requires large-scale controlled-forcing experiments, and estimates are thus often unavailable. Where long-term phenology datasets exist, partial least squares (PLS) regression can be used as an alternative, to determine climatic requirements statistically. Bloom dates of cherry cv. ‘Schneiders späte Knorpelkirsche’ trees in Klein-Altendorf, Germany, from 24 growing seasons were correlated with 11-day running means of daily mean temperature. Based on the output of the PLS regression, five candidate chilling periods ranging in length from 17 to 102 days, and one forcing phase of 66 days were delineated. Among three common chill models used to quantify chill, the Dynamic Model showed the lowest variation in chill, indicating that it may be more accurate than the Utah and Chilling Hours Models. Based on the longest candidate chilling phase with the earliest starting date, cv. ‘Schneiders späte Knorpelkirsche’ cherries at Bonn exhibited a chilling requirement of 68.6 ± 5.7 chill portions (or 1,375 ± 178 chilling hours or 1,410 ± 238 Utah chill units) and a heat requirement of 3,473 ± 1,236 growing degree hours. Closer investigation of the distinct chilling phases detected by PLS regression could contribute to our understanding of dormancy processes and thus help fruit and nut growers identify suitable tree cultivars for a future in which static climatic conditions can no longer be assumed. All procedures used in this study were bundled in an R package (‘chillR’) and are provided as Supplementary materials. The procedure was also applied to leaf emergence dates of walnut (cv. ‘Payne’) at Davis, California.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00484-012-0594-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of chilling and heat requirements of cherry trees—a statistical approach

2012

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“…A model appropriate for one species ⁄ genotype growing in one area may not necessarily fit another species ⁄ genotype growing in another area. In warm winter regions, the reliability of different CR models is different (Erez et al, 1990). The southeastern USA, in which our peach mapping population is maintained and phenotyped, is a variable warm winter region with potential low or high chilling accumulations in different years.…”

Section: New Phytologistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date in peach (Prunus persica)

et al. 2009

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Summary• Chilling requirement, together with heat requirement, determines the bloom date, which has an impact on the climatic distribution of the genotypes of tree species. The molecular basis of floral bud chilling requirement is poorly understood, despite its importance to the adaptation and production of fruit trees. In addition, the genetic nature of heat requirement and the genetic interrelationships among chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date remain unclear.• A peach (Prunus persica) F 2 population of 378 genotypes developed from two genotypes with contrasting chilling requirements was used for linkage map construction and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. The floral bud chilling and heat requirements of each genotype were evaluated over 2 yr and the bloom date was scored over 4 yr.• Twenty QTLs with additive effects were identified for three traits, including one major QTL for chilling requirement and two major QTLs for bloom date. The majority of QTLs colocalized with QTLs for other trait(s). In particular, one genomic region of 2 cM, pleiotropic for the three traits, overlapped with the sequenced peach EVG region.• This first report on the QTL mapping of floral bud chilling requirement will facilitate marker-assisted breeding for low chilling requirement cultivars and the map-based cloning of genes controlling chilling requirement. The extensive colocalization of QTLs suggests that there may be one unified temperature sensing and action system regulating chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date together

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“…Despite this last model taking into account daily temperature fluctuations, our results do not seem to reflect any expected chilling satisfaction by peach trees. Although, several studies conducted in various climatic regions (Alburquerque et al, 2008;Allan et al, 1995Allan et al, , 1997Erez, 2000;Erez et al, 1990;Fishman et al, 1987;Gardner and Bertling, 2005;Luedeling et al, 2009;Perez et al, 2008;Ruiz et al, 2006Ruiz et al, , 2007 have found the Dynamic model to be superior or equivalent to all others and especially accurate for warmer climates (Luedeling and Brown, 2011), peach phenology was not explained by any chill-accumulation model, including the Dynamic model, under the tropical climate of Reunion Island (Balandier et al, 1993).…”

Section: Tree Phenologymentioning

confidence: 98%

Climatic Characterization and Phenology of Local Peach Genotypes in the Udzungwa Uplands of Tanzania

Scalisi

Bianco

Pernice

et al. 2014

International Journal of Fruit Science

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The phenology of two local peach genotypes was studied to verify whether peaches can be produced in the Tanzanian uplands. Observations were conducted on trees of one early-and one late-ripening peach genotype in 2010 and 2011. Temperature trends were reconstructed and three chilling estimation models were tested. The two peach genotypes differed for timing of flower and leaf bud-break. Common symptoms of insufficient chilling (presence of numerous stages at a specific date and about 20% of undeveloped flower buds) were observed in the late genotype. Both Utah and Dynamic models indicated low chilling accumulation, lower than the Mean Temperature model in most cases. This is inconsistent with the actual phenology, suggesting that (1) both models show some limitations under our conditions, (2) the two genotypes partly adapted to the local climate, and (3) mechanisms other than chilling (seasonal rainfall fluctuations) play a role in rest control.

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The Dynamic Model for Rest Completion in Peach Buds

Cited by 174 publications

References 0 publications

Identification of chilling and heat requirements of cherry trees—a statistical approach

Identification of chilling and heat requirements of cherry trees—a statistical approach

Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with chilling requirement, heat requirement and bloom date in peach (Prunus persica)

Climatic Characterization and Phenology of Local Peach Genotypes in the Udzungwa Uplands of Tanzania

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