The driver’s visual perception research to analyze pedestrian safety at twilight

González-Hernández, Brayan; Usami, Davide Shingo; Прасоленко, О.В.; Burko, Dmytro; Galkin, Andrii; Lobashov, Oleksii; Persia, Luca

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2020.02.087

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Studies investigating traffic safety in the twilight at sunset have reported mental fatigue, stress, and inability to cope with sudden changes in luminance to affect driver reaction time. These are therefore considered risk factors for drivers' safety worldwide [6]. As a way to adjust to the reduction of luminance during sunset, pupils dilate and this process can cause increased ocular aberrations and significantly reduced retinal image quality [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive and visual function changes in twilight conditions

et al. 2022

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Purpose We investigated the effect of luminance on refraction and visual function under twilight conditions. Methods Twenty young adults (mean age 20.5 ± 0.5 years) without ocular diseases and 20 eyes were included in the study. Subjective and objective spherical equivalent power (SE), logMAR, pupil diameter, ocular aberration, and ocular axial length were evaluated. Measurements were conducted in a light room with high luminance (300 cd/m2) targets (photopic), in a dark room with low luminance (10 cd/m2) targets (twilight), and a dark room after 15 min of adaptation to low luminance (10 cd/m2) targets (after adaptation: AA). Differences between the three conditions were analyzed using the Friedman test and Scheffe’s multiple comparisons. Results The results of logMAR were -0.20 ± 0.07, -0.08 ± 0.08, and -0.11 ± 0.08 in photopic, twilight, and AA, respectively, with significant differences between photopic and twilight (p < 0.001) and between photopic and AA (p < 0.001). Then subjective SE were -3.58 ± 2.04 D, -3.75 ± 2.08 D, and -3.74 ± 2.04 D in photopic, twilight, and AA, respectively, with significant differences between photopic and twilight (p = 0.007) and photopic and AA (p = 0.023). However, none of the other objective SEs produced a significant difference (p = 0.63). The pupil diameter and ocular aberration changed significantly in all conditions (p < 0.001). Conclusions Subjective myopic refraction increased and visual resolution decreased in younger subjects. However, this change in refraction is less than one level (±0.25 D) in clinical optometry, so fully corrected eyeglasses are important when assuming refraction in twilight, and there is no need for additional correction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive and visual function changes in twilight conditions

et al. 2022

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“…Test vehicle data has determined that lighting is a key factor in determining driver reaction time, and that transitional natural light periods in the 10 to 15 min following sunset are particularly detrimental to driver perception and pedestrian safety, as there is not enough time for human eyes to adjust to the changes in lighting (28). Ferguson et al studied the effects of daylight savings time on crash frequencies and concluded that daylight savings time, during which sundown occurs later in the day, is safer than the alternative (29).…”

Section: Lighting and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Spatial Comparison of Roadway Lighting and Nonmotorist Crashes in Cambridge, MA

Hennessy

2021

Transportation Research Record

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Dark lighting conditions, including those occurring at dawn and dusk, are correlated with increased nonmotorist crash frequency owing to reduced visibility, but little research has been done that investigates the spatial relationship between roadway lights and nonmotorist crashes on a community scale. This research used kernel density estimation methods to calculate the commonalities between geolocated streetlight data and non-motorist-vehicle crashes from 2010 to 2018 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It was observed that dawn, dusk, and darkness showed a significant correlation between nonmotorist crashes and the absence of roadway lighting, all exceeding the control analysis undertaken with crashes occurring in daylight. The Getis-Ord [Formula: see text] hot spot cluster analysis indicated that areas with the greatest density of streetlights were associated with fewer nonmotorist crash hot spots. Future research seeks to corroborate these findings with data from other cities and to assess roadway lighting as a facet of pedestrian network connectivity.

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“…To date, some scholars have conducted real vehicle tests. Bassani et al [17][18][19][20] proposed that the attention mainly depended upon the road environment by studying the visual reaction of drivers under different weather conditions, and speed was an important parameter when the road environment was changed. The road environment generated significant effects on driving speed and attention span and pointed out that the occurrence probability of road traffic accident was high at dusk.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%