The dose response effects of liquid and lyophilized <i>Carnobacterium divergens</i> AS7 bacteriocin on the nutrient retention and performance of broiler chickens

Abstract

Efficacy of bacteriocin-divercin AS7 supplementation of broiler diets was evaluated. In two experiments one-day-old Ross 308 males were allocated randomly to six and eight dietary treatments, respectively, with 10 replicates (10 birds per replicate). In both experiments the birds were fed on diet non supplemented (negative control, NC) and supplemented with salinomycin (positive control, C). In Experiment 1, the effects of supplementation of the NC diet with 100, 200 or 800 units of liquid divercin, and in Experiment 2 with 100, 200 or 300 units of lyophilized divercin added in encapsulated or non-encapsulated form, were studied during starter and grower period. The response of birds in terms of feed intake, body weight gain (BWG) and feed efficiency (FE) depended on the growth period. In Experiment 1, supplementation of salinomycin or liquid divercin did not affect feed intake and BWG while FE was significantly improved by salinomycin. In Experiment 2, BWG was significantly improved by supplementation with salinomycin, all doses of non-encapsulated and the lowest dose of encapsulated divercin. In Experiment 1, the metabolizable energy content and fat digestibility tended to be greater in birds fed on diets supplemented with salinomycin and divercin than on NC diet, while in Experiment 2 were significantly greater on diet supplemented with salinomycin than on all other diets. It is suggested that divercin AS7 may improve performance of chickens but its efficacy depends on physical form.

Nisin as a Novel Feed Additive: The Effects on Gut Microbial Modulation and Activity, Histological Parameters, and Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens

“…This is in agreement with Kierończyk et al [16], where the positive effect of nisin on the BWG, FI, and FCR was noticed only in the first period. In contrast to the above, divercin AS7 characterized by even low activity, i.e., 100 AU, 200 AU, and 300 AU, positively affected the FCR value of broiler chickens [57]. Additionally, divercin AS7 exerted a similar effect on the BWG and FCR as salinomycin [58].…”

“…In terms of broiler chickens, only two bacteriocins, i.e., divercin AS7 and nisin, have been partially examined in terms of their dosage [23,57]. Hitherto, it was mentioned that nisin at high activity (900 IU and 2700 IU) has shown the most efficient performance in broilers.…”

The nisin improves broiler chicken growth performance and interacts with salinomycin in terms of gastrointestinal tract microbiota composition

“…All details regarding preparation and concentration analyses of nisin have been reported previously by . In the first experiment only, nisin was encapsulated in a fat matrix as described in detail by Józefiak et al (2011). The second experiment was carried out without nisin encapsulation, as preliminary data showed that encapsulated nisin does not differ from nonencapsulated nisin in the case of broiler growth performance (unpublished data).…”

Scientific Opinion on the update of the list of QPS‐recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA†

“…For its ability to produce bacteriocins, this species has been used in food with the aim to reduce spoilage and pathogenic bacteria (Richard et al., ; Leisner et al., ; Rihakova et al., ). C. divergens has been also studied as probiotic for fish, such as Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) (Lauzon et al., ), Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) (Ringø et al., ) and rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) (Kim and Austin, ), and as probiotic for chicken for fattening (Jözefiak et al., ).…”