The Dilemma of Improving Native Grasslands by Overseeding Legumes: Production Intensification or Diversity Conservation

Jaurena, Martín; Lezama, Felipe; Salvo, Lucía; Cardozo, Géronimo; Ayala, Walter; Terra, José A.; Nabinger, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.rama.2015.10.006

Cited by 40 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Contrary to our hypothesis, the obtained results showed that the increase in P soil available did not affect the diversity of AMF neither in roots nor in the rhizosphere of the studied grasses. This is a surprising result bearing in mind that the increase of P availability affected the floristic composition of the natural grassland (Jaurena et al, 2015). These changes could lead to alter the AMF communities, as most AMF show some level of host-preferences (Mummey et al, 2005;Öpik et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Grass species selected for this study presented the following features: a) have shown differential response in their relative aerial cover in response to P fertilization (following Jaurena et al, 2015); b) have presented high cover in plots and good forage quality and c) have been present in all the plots included in this study. Taking into account this selection criteria two species were selected: C. sellona, which reduced its cover in fertilized plots (decreasing species to P) and P. dilatatum that its cover underwent no change because P increase (indifferent species to P).…”

Section: Root Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grasses, the predominant family in grasslands, present a high colonization of AMF (Pezzani et al, 2006;García et al, 2016). In Uruguay's NG soils, N is the main limiting nutrient for plant growth (Jaurena et al, 2015). In these soils, P contents are also particularly low and range from 3 to 5 mg kg -1 of soil (Garcia et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to lift these nutritional restrictions, overseeding legumes and phosphorus fertilization are carried out. Although in the short term this practice has shown positive impacts over the nutritional forage quality, evidence shows a low persistence of introduced legumes species as well as undesirable changes in the floristic composition of the NG (Jaurena et al, 2015). Jaurena et al (2015) (Jaurena et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although in the short term this practice has shown positive impacts over the nutritional forage quality, evidence shows a low persistence of introduced legumes species as well as undesirable changes in the floristic composition of the NG (Jaurena et al, 2015). Jaurena et al (2015) (Jaurena et al, 2015). Fifteen years after continuous annually phosphorus fertilization the intensity of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in two grasses was studied: P. dilatatum and C. selloana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term phosphorus fertilization effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in Uruguayan grasses

García¹,

Pezzani²,

Rodríguez-Blanco³

2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are particularly relevant in grasslands due to the high colonization in grasses, main constituent of this ecosystem. Natural grassland (NG) is the dominant ecosystem of Uruguay and it supports one of the main economic activities of the country: livestock. Available phosphorus (P) contents in NG soils of Uruguay are low, so phosphate fertilization is frequent. The aim of this work was to study the effect of phosphorus fertilization on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) diversity of two native grasses of Uruguay:Paspalum dilatatum and Coelorhachis selloana. Diversity and abundance of AMF spores in the rhizosphere of grasses were studied using morphological techniques, while AMF diversity in roots was studied through T-RFLP. The study was conducted in a long-term experiment of phosphorus fertilization in Uruguayan grasslands.The increase in available P did not affect the diversity of AMF in the roots or in the rhizosphere of the studied grasses. The richness of AMF biotypes in roots and spores abundance differed between host species, with higher values in C. selloana than in P. dilatatum. Differences in AMF diversity between seasons were observed, with greater number of biotypes in winter than in summer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Root Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Long-term phosphorus fertilization effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in Uruguayan grasses

García¹,

Pezzani²,

Rodríguez-Blanco³

2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Elevated CO₂ induces substantial and persistent declines in forage quality irrespective of warming in mixedgrass prairie

Augustine

Blumenthal

Springer

et al. 2018

Ecological Applications

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Increasing atmospheric [CO ] and temperature are expected to affect the productivity, species composition, biogeochemistry, and therefore the quantity and quality of forage available to herbivores in rangeland ecosystems. Both elevated CO (eCO ) and warming affect plant tissue chemistry through multiple direct and indirect pathways, such that the cumulative outcomes of these effects are difficult to predict. Here, we report on a 7-yr study examining effects of CO enrichment (to 600 ppm) and infrared warming (+1.5°C day/3°C night) under realistic field conditions on forage quality and quantity in a semiarid, mixedgrass prairie. For the three dominant forage grasses, warming effects on in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and tissue [N] were detected only in certain years, varied from negative to positive, and were relatively minor. In contrast, eCO substantially reduced IVDMD (two most abundant grasses) and [N] (all three dominant grass species) in most years, except the two wettest years. Furthermore, eCO reduced IVDMD and [N] independent of warming effects. Reduced IVDMD with eCO was related both to reduced [N] and increased acid detergent fiber (ADF) content of grass tissues. For the six most abundant forage species (representing 96% of total forage production), combined warming and eCO increased forage production by 38% and reduced forage [N] by 13% relative to ambient climate. Although the absolute magnitude of the decline in IVDMD and [N] due to combined warming and eCO may seem small (e.g., from 63.3 to 61.1% IVDMD and 1.25 to 1.04% [N] for Pascopyrum smithii), such shifts could have substantial consequences for the rate at which ruminants gain weight during the primary growing season in the largest remaining rangeland ecosystem in North America. With forage production increases, declining forage quality could potentially be mitigated by adaptively increasing stocking rates, and through management such as prescribed burning, fertilization at low rates, and legume interseeding to enhance forage quality.

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Phosphorus and mowing improve native alfalfa establishment, facilitating restoration of grassland productivity and diversity

et al. 2019

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Seeding legumes into degraded grasslands may effectively replace nitrogen fertilization and restore ecosystem stability by retaining or increasing native plant species diversity while increasing forage production. However, previous research indicated limited legume persistence and potential plant community diversity loss following seeding of legumes into grasslands, constraining successful restoration of degraded grasslands. Our research defined optimal management thresholds for successful legume establishment, reconciling both environmental conservation and production priorities. Large areas of degraded steppe in Inner Mongolia, northeast China, were seeded to either native alfalfa (yellow‐flowered alfalfa: Medicago falcata L.), cultivated alfalfa (purple‐flowered alfalfa: Medicago sativa L.), or left nonseeded (control). Within each seeded area, management treatments (P fertilization or mowing) were assigned to plots in the second year of alfalfa establishment. Our results indicated P amendments and mowing improve native alfalfa establishment, increasing plant productivity while maintaining diverse plant communities, thereby successfully rehabilitating degraded meadow steppe grasslands. However, cultivated alfalfa was not persistent under any management treatment. Alfalfa shoot N and P concentration was linearly related to plant‐available P, indicating P fertilization differentially benefits alfalfa compared with the dominate C3 grass, Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. Mowing successfully increased plant species diversity and plant species asynchrony; however, mowing did not alter the temporal stability of plant community productivity, potentially maintaining or enhancing ecosystem stability. Our research showed promise that native alfalfa seeding combined with P fertilization and mowing can restore degraded grasslands to support both forage production and diverse plant communities.

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The Dilemma of Improving Native Grasslands by Overseeding Legumes: Production Intensification or Diversity Conservation

Cited by 40 publications

References 39 publications

Long-term phosphorus fertilization effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in Uruguayan grasses

Long-term phosphorus fertilization effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in Uruguayan grasses

Elevated CO₂ induces substantial and persistent declines in forage quality irrespective of warming in mixedgrass prairie

Phosphorus and mowing improve native alfalfa establishment, facilitating restoration of grassland productivity and diversity

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The Dilemma of Improving Native Grasslands by Overseeding Legumes: Production Intensification or Diversity Conservation

Cited by 40 publications

References 39 publications

Long-term phosphorus fertilization effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in Uruguayan grasses

Long-term phosphorus fertilization effects on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in Uruguayan grasses

Elevated CO2 induces substantial and persistent declines in forage quality irrespective of warming in mixedgrass prairie

Phosphorus and mowing improve native alfalfa establishment, facilitating restoration of grassland productivity and diversity

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Elevated CO₂ induces substantial and persistent declines in forage quality irrespective of warming in mixedgrass prairie