The Differential Diagnosis of Disfluency

Culatta, Richard; Leeper, Linda H.

doi:10.1044/nsshla_17_59

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Disfluencies are part of normal speech [86] and may be marked by the presence of mazes. Hall et al [87] defines a maze as “a marker of linguistic disfluency in spontaneous speech,” p.162.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory analysis of real personal emergency response call conversations: considerations for personal emergency response spoken dialogue systems

Young

Rochon

Mihailidis

2016

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to derive data from real, recorded, personal emergency response call conversations to help improve the artificial intelligence and decision making capability of a spoken dialogue system in a smart personal emergency response system. The main study objectives were to: develop a model of personal emergency response; determine categories for the model’s features; identify and calculate measures from call conversations (verbal ability, conversational structure, timing); and examine conversational patterns and relationships between measures and model features applicable for improving the system’s ability to automatically identify call model categories and predict a target response.MethodsThis study was exploratory and used mixed methods. Personal emergency response calls were pre-classified according to call model categories identified qualitatively from response call transcripts. The relationships between six verbal ability measures, three conversational structure measures, two timing measures and three independent factors: caller type, risk level, and speaker type, were examined statistically.ResultsEmergency medical response services were the preferred response for the majority of medium and high risk calls for both caller types. Older adult callers mainly requested non-emergency medical service responders during medium risk situations. By measuring the number of spoken words-per-minute and turn-length-in-words for the first spoken utterance of a call, older adult and care provider callers could be identified with moderate accuracy. Average call taker response time was calculated using the number-of-speaker-turns and time-in-seconds measures. Care providers and older adults used different conversational strategies when responding to call takers. The words ‘ambulance’ and ‘paramedic’ may hold different latent connotations for different callers.ConclusionsThe data derived from the real personal emergency response recordings may help a spoken dialogue system classify incoming calls by caller type with moderate probability shortly after the initial caller utterance. Knowing the caller type, the target response for the call may be predicted with some degree of probability and the output dialogue could be tailored to this caller type. The average call taker response time measured from real calls may be used to limit the conversation length in a spoken dialogue system before defaulting to a live call taker.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory analysis of real personal emergency response call conversations: considerations for personal emergency response spoken dialogue systems

Young

Rochon

Mihailidis

2016

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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“…Stuttering shares a resemblance with many clinical disorders like verbal apraxia, dysphasia, aphasia, spasmodic dysphonia, brain damage, cluttering, etc., (5) which makes it difficult to distinguish between them. This is a central problem in diagnosis.…”

Section: Differential Diagnoses Of Stuttering Disfluenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stuttering is a speech disorder rather than a language disorder as the expression of speech is undisrupted in stuttering while the natural flow of speech production is affected (7). In stuttering, the nature, type and position of disfluency is noticeably different from other fluency disorders caused by sensori-motor, neuro-linguistic or organic deficits (5).…”

Section: Differential Diagnoses Of Stuttering Disfluenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Therapists’ Issues in Understanding Stuttering

Bagchi

Reddy

2021

Journal of Patient Experience

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“…After all, to be dysfluent when speaking is not deemed an abnormality in and of itself: speech is only considered dysfluent when there is a deviation from audience expectations. 8 Accordingly, I frame the dramaturgical stutter as both an identifiable and identified divergence that blatantly distinguishes itself from the remaining narrative or staged chronicle, thereby disrupting expectations.…”

Section: Faedra Chatar D Car Penter S Tag Ing Scene S Of Suffer Ingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staging Scenes of Suffering

Carpenter¹

2019

Theater

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It's 2007. I'm a former resident dramaturg/literary manager in my second year of university teaching and I know well enough how lucky I am when it comes to my current assignment: I've been gifted with the luxury of teaching graduate seminars of my own divining, among them a class called "Call and Response: Adaptation, Modification, and Intertextuality in Contemporary Performance." The class integrated my interests in dramaturgical practice and critical race theory, and through its analysis of Eurocentric narratives and their adaptations, it also explored black representation within literature, performance, and mediated imagery. Amid the tropes I intended to nuance during the course's fifteen-week run were narratives surrounding black womanhood. To that end, I had assigned the play Re/ Membering Aunt Jemima: A Menstrual Show (1992) by Glenda Dickerson and Breena Clarke. Vital to my Re/Membering Aunt Jemima lesson plan (or so I thought) was offering dramaturgical contextualization. Accordingly, I shared the history surrounding the character of "Aunt Jemima" (including a discussion of Nancy Green, the formerly enslaved Kentucky native turned corporate Aunt Jemima model for the Quaker Oats Company), as well as a broader discussion of the "mammy" figure itself-its stylings and significations in American art and culture, from American slavery to the present day. Aided by scholarly material (for instance, Patricia Hill Collins's book Black Feminist Thought and her explication of "controlling images"), my lecture notes also introduced artistic resistance to the Aunt Jemima trope as witnessed in the work of visual artists such as Betye Saar, Renee Cox, and Hank Willis Thomas. And so, armed with my lofty goals and what I imagined to be comprehensive, thought-provoking, and illuminating materials, I forged forth with the hopes of not only dismantling a problematic archetype, but also liberating my students from implicit and explicit biases and oppressive racial projects. However, despite my earnest intentions and best-laid plans, I found myself utterly disillusioned when, in the midst of parsing the problematic legacy of mammy figures, a white doctoral student informed Theater 49:2

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The Differential Diagnosis of Disfluency

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Exploratory analysis of real personal emergency response call conversations: considerations for personal emergency response spoken dialogue systems

Exploratory analysis of real personal emergency response call conversations: considerations for personal emergency response spoken dialogue systems

Therapists’ Issues in Understanding Stuttering

Staging Scenes of Suffering

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