The development of birch pollen seasons over 30 years in Munich, Germany—An EAACI Task Force report*

Bergmann, Karl‐Christian; Buters, Jeroen; Karatzas, Kostas; Tasioulis, Thomas; Werchan, Barbora; Werchan, Matthias; Pfaar, Oliver

doi:10.1111/all.14470

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It has been reported that AR is more prevalent in urban areas compared with rural areas ( 18 ). Climate changes also prolong pollen season as reported in Europe over the last three decades along with more frequent seasonal allergies ( 22 ).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Allergic Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 76%

Allergic Rhinitis: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview

et al. 2022

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Allergic rhinitis (AR) represents a global health concern where it affects approximately 400 million people worldwide. The prevalence of AR has increased over the years along with increased urbanization and environmental pollutants thought to be some of the leading causes of the disease. Understanding the pathophysiology of AR is crucial in the development of novel therapies to treat this incurable disease that often comorbids with other airway diseases. Hence in this mini review, we summarize the well-established yet vital aspects of AR. These include the epidemiology, clinical and laboratory diagnostic criteria, AR in pediatrics, pathophysiology of AR, Th2 responses in the disease, as well as pharmacological and immunomodulating therapies for AR patients.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Allergic Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 76%

Allergic Rhinitis: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview

et al. 2022

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“…), which can prolong the pollen season and create new sources of pollen due to new invasive species, 8,10,11,13 have recently received much attention. To this end, an earlier start of birch pollen season as well as a significant increase in the number of days with high pollen counts has been noticed in Munich, Germany, over the last three decades 14 . Lifestyle factors, such as increased time spent indoors, use of antibiotics, consumption of processed foods and decreased exposure to farm animals and pets, limited exposure to environmental allergens, infectious parasitic worms, and microbes, are also regarded to be important factors that may influence the prevalence of AR 15 .…”

Section: Climate Change and Lifestyle Factors Are Risk Factors In Hig...mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…To this end, an earlier start of birch pollen season as well as a significant increase in the number of days with high pollen counts has been noticed in Munich, Germany, over the last three decades. 14 Lifestyle factors, such as increased time spent indoors, use of antibiotics, consumption of processed foods and decreased exposure to farm animals and pets, limited exposure to environmental allergens, infectious parasitic worms, and microbes, are also regarded to be important factors that may influence the prevalence of AR. 15 The hygiene hypothesis suggests that loss of symbiotic relationships with evolutionary relevant microorganisms prevents the necessary stimulus to train the immune system to develop tolerogenic responses and is therefore proposed to be the underlying cause for allergy epidemic.…”

Section: Climate Chang E and Life S T Yle Fac Tor S Are Ris K Fac Tor S In Hi G H Pre Valen Ce Of Armentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and highlights in allergic rhinitis

Zhang

Feng

Zhang

2021

Allergy

133

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“…us, 10 subjects were recruited from 31 pollen allergy patients in the "Cedar Project." Although the "Cedar Project" was performed as a double-blind experiment, the "Cypress Project" was somewhat limited due to the smaller number (10) of subjects involved. us, for the latter experiments, all subjects were exposed to CCSNOP in their bedrooms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially in the last two decades, the number of cases has increased remarkably in developed countries [1][2][3]. Plants that cause pollen allergies include cedar [4,5], cypress [6], dactylis [7], timothy [8], ragweed [9], and birch [10]. Of course, many more have been reported, but the central ones are cedar and cypress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Cloth Panel Containing a Specific Ore Powder on Patients with Chamaecyparis obtusa (Cypress) Pollen Allergy

Lee

Hyo

Yamamoto

et al. 2021

The Scientific World Journal

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Pollen allergy to Japanese cedar and cypress is a serious illness that impairs daily life and sleep, especially during pollen season. We have reported that placing a cloth panel containing a specific natural ore powder (CCSNOP) in a room may alleviate the symptoms of hay fever and may also benefit the immune system. This ore is from the Aso mountain range, a volcano on Kyushu Island in the southwestern part of Japan. The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of CCSNOP on cypress pollen. Thirty-one double-blind tests, which investigated cedar pollen allergies, were conducted from February to March 2018 and have already been reported. After this, in early April, 10 of these cases were recruited and all had CCSNOP installed in their bedrooms. Before that, various symptoms and changes in medication were recorded in a “Symptom Diary” and included a mood survey by a questionnaire, stress test using saliva amylase, changes in cypress-specific immunoglobulins IgE and IgG4 by blood sampling, and eosinophil changes. In addition, changes in 29 types of cytokines were investigated. Exposure to CCSNOP relieved symptoms and subjects decreased their intake of medication. There was no change in mood or stress, but eosinophil levels tended to decrease. Although there were no statistical changes in cypress-specific IgE or IgG4, an increase in the former and a decrease in the latter were observed in some individuals during the period of pollen dispersal. Furthermore, levels of GM-CSF and IL8 decreased significantly after use of CCSNOP. The CCSNOP was shown to be effective against cypress pollen allergy, and future investigations will be necessary to observe the long-term effects of CCSNOP.

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The development of birch pollen seasons over 30 years in Munich, Germany—An EAACI Task Force report*

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Allergic Rhinitis: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview

Allergic Rhinitis: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview

Advances and highlights in allergic rhinitis

Effects of a Cloth Panel Containing a Specific Ore Powder on Patients with Chamaecyparis obtusa (Cypress) Pollen Allergy

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