The detection of Coxiella burnetii from ovine genital swabs, milk and fecal samples by the use of a single touchdown polymerase chain reaction

Berri, Mustapha; Laroucau, Karine; Rodolakis, Annie

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(99)00178-9

Cited by 186 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Given the objectives, only 5 herds were included in the study. Finally, all previous studies in ruminants, except one [18], described Coxiella shedding only from an abortion event [6,8,20] or with particular emphasis on parturition [3]. Cows were sampled here independently of their physiological stage, the periodical collections being performed on fixed calendar dates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although faecal matrixes are known to contain several inhibitors of Taq polymerase [9,34], some methods allowing their inactivation are now available [6,31,33,34], leading to an improvement in detectability. Moreover, the existence of internal control of PCR allows to detect a false negative response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decade, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a very useful method for Coxiella burnetii DNA detection in different biological samples taken from ruminants [6,21,24,26,35]. Recently, real-time PCR was developed with the aim of estimating the bacterial burden in samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coxiella burnetiishedding by dairy cows

Guatteo

Beaudeau

Joly³

et al. 2007

Vet. Res.

144

142

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-While shedding routes of Coxiella burnetii are identified, the characteristics of Coxiella shedding are still widely unknown, especially in dairy cattle. However, this information is crucial to assess the natural course of Coxiella burnetii infection within a herd and then to elaborate strategies to limit the risks of transmission between animals and to humans. The present study aimed at (i) describing the characteristics of Coxiella burnetii shedding by dairy cows (in milk, vaginal mucus, faeces) in five infected dairy herds, and at (ii) investigating the possible relationships between shedding patterns and serological responses. A total of 145 cows were included in a follow-up consisting of seven concomitant samplings of milk, vaginal mucus, faeces and blood (Day 0, D7, D14, D21, D28, D63, D90). Detection and quantification of Coxiella burnetii titres were performed in milk, vaginal mucus and faeces samples using real-time PCR assay, while antibodies against Coxiella were detected using an ELISA technique. For a given shedding route, and a given periodicity (weekly or monthly), cows were gathered into different shedding kinetic patterns according to the sequence of PCR responses. Distribution of estimated titres in Coxiella burnetii was described according to shedding kinetic patterns. Coxiella burnetii shedding was found scarcely and sporadically in faeces. Vaginal mucus shedding concerned almost 50% of the cows studied and was found intermittently or sporadically, depending on the periodicity considered. Almost 40% of cows were detected as milk shedders, with two predominant shedding patterns: persistent and sporadic, regardless of the sampling periodicity. Significantly higher estimated titres in Coxiella burnetii were observed in cows with persistent shedding patterns suggesting the existence of heavy shedder cows. These latter cows were mostly, persistently highly-seropositive, suggesting that repeated serological testings could be a reliable tool to screen heavy shedders, before using PCR assays. dairy cow / Coxiella burnetii / shedding / antibodies / kinetics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coxiella burnetiishedding by dairy cows

Guatteo

Beaudeau

Joly³

et al. 2007

Vet. Res.

144

142

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“…Moreover, bacteriological isolation requires confined level-3 laboratories and cannot be performed for mass-screening. In the last few years, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a very useful method for the detection of Coxiella burnetii DNA in several biological samples taken from sheep and goats [7,26,28,31]. In dairy cattle, this technique has been evaluated for the detection of Coxiella burnetii only in milk [24,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the literature, Coxiella burnetii is shed by Ruminants mainly by birth products (placenta, birth fluids), but may also be shed by ruminants via the vaginal mucus [9,12,15], milk [1,7,15,24,34], faeces [2,7], urine [18] and semen [22]. However, the informative value of these different types of biological samples to identify shedders in field conditions remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding routes ofCoxiella burnetiiin dairy cows: implications for detection and control

et al. 2006

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-Reliable detection of Coxiella burnetii shedders is a critical point for the control of the spread of this bacterium among animals and from animals to humans. Coxiella burnetii is shed by ruminants mainly by birth products (placenta, birth fluids), but may also be shed by vaginal mucus, milk, and faeces, urine and semen. However, the informative value of these types of samples to identify shedders under field conditions is unknown. Our aim was then to describe the responses obtained using a real-time PCR technique applied to milk, vaginal mucus and faeces samples taken from 242 dairy cows in commercial dairy herds known to be naturally infected with Coxiella burnetii, and to assess their putative associations. Positive results were found in all types of tested samples even in faeces. No predominant shedding route was identified. Among the shedder cows, 65.4% were detected as shedders by only one route. By contrast, cows with positive results for all three samples were scarce (less than 7%). Testing a cow based on only one type of biological sample may lead to misclassify it with regards to its shedding of Coxiella burnetii and thereby underestimate the risk of bacterial spread within a herd. dairy cows / Coxiella burnetii / shedding routes / real-time PCR / Q fever

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Other Infectious Causes of Abortion

Mearns¹

2007

Diseases of Sheep

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The detection of Coxiella burnetii from ovine genital swabs, milk and fecal samples by the use of a single touchdown polymerase chain reaction

Cited by 186 publications

References 15 publications

Coxiella burnetiishedding by dairy cows

Coxiella burnetiishedding by dairy cows

Shedding routes ofCoxiella burnetiiin dairy cows: implications for detection and control

Other Infectious Causes of Abortion

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