The design of CMOS self-powered 256-pixel implantable chip with on-chip photovoltaic cells and active pixel sensors for subretinal prostheses

Wu, Chung‐Yu; Sung, Wei-Jie; Kuo, Po-Han; Tzeng, Chi-Kuan; Chiao, Chuan-Chin; Tsai, Yueh-Chun

doi:10.1109/biocas.2015.7348318

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…At present, implantable electronic systems combined with cell-transplantation approaches can effectively enhance the repair efficacy of tissue and mitigate immunological rejection [18,19]. Moreover, a large number of research teams are working on the development of retinal prosthesis chip systems [20][21][22][23][24][25]. This involves replacement of damaged photoreceptor cells by retinal prosthesis with similar functions.…”

Section: Age-related Macular Degeneration (Amd) and Common Treatment mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the development of electronic retinal prosthesis has begun to draw attention. Many research teams are committed to developing retinal prosthesis, in which the chip implanted in the retina supplants the function of damaged photoreceptor cells ( Figure 2) [20][21][22][23][24][25]. This is especially applicable in patients with blindness due to photoreceptor necrosis, where electrodes can be implanted in the retina to effectively stimulate bipolar or ganglion cells and subsequently enhance visual signal transmission.…”

Section: Application Of Retinal Prosthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene Oxide–Based Nanomaterials: An Insight into Retinal Prosthesis

Yang

Cheng

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Retinal prosthesis has recently emerged as a treatment strategy for retinopathies, providing excellent assistance in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and retinitis pigmentosa. The potential application of graphene oxide (GO), a highly biocompatible nanomaterial with superior physicochemical properties, in the fabrication of electrodes for retinal prosthesis, is reviewed in this article. This review integrates insights from biological medicine and nanotechnology, with electronic and electrical engineering technological breakthroughs, and aims to highlight innovative objectives in developing biomedical applications of retinal prosthesis.

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Section: Age-related Macular Degeneration (Amd) and Common Treatment mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Retinal Prosthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Oxide–Based Nanomaterials: An Insight into Retinal Prosthesis

Yang

Cheng

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…The divisional power supply scheme (DPSS) circuit is designed to enhance the power supply of photovoltaic retinal prosthetics [13]. The concept involves the provision of electrical current alternately to a subset of electrodes at each phase using the electricity generated by all of the shared photovoltaic units.…”

Section: Visual Stimulus Implemented By the Divisional Power Supply Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, more power generates more heat, which will have a detrimental effect on the retinal prosthesis and surrounding tissue [12]. One way to resolve this issue, namely the power efficiency limitation, is to deliver the combined power obtained from many photovoltaic units to only a subset of electrodes at any moment in time, a so-called divisional power supply scheme (DPSS, see Fig 1) [13,14]. Under such a system the charge release from electrical stimulation will be determined by the duration of the current pulse [15] and thus this approach, while generating adequate charge at each photovoltaic unit, will require a lower switch frequency of stimulating electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal integration of visual stimuli and its relevance to the use of a divisional power supply scheme for retinal prosthesis

Tsai

Lin

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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A wireless photovoltaic retinal prosthesis is currently being studied with the aim of providing prosthetic vision to patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The major challenge of a photovoltaic device is its limited power efficiency. Our retinal prosthetic design implements a unique divisional power supply scheme (DPSS) system that provides the electrical power generated by all of the solar cells to only a subset of electrodes at any moment in time. The aim of the present study was to systematically characterize the spatiotemporal integration performance of the system under various DPSS conditions using human subjects and a psychophysical approach. A 16x16 pixels LED array controlled by Arduino was used to simulate the output signal of the DPSS design, and human performance under different visual stimulations at various update frequencies was then used to assess the spatiotemporal capability of retinal prostheses. The results showed that the contrast polarity of the image, image brightness, and division number influenced the lower limit of the update frequency of the DPSS system, while, on the other hand, visual angle, ambient light level, and stimulation order did not affect performance significantly. Pattern recognition by visual persistence with spatiotemporal integration of multiple frames of sparse dots is a feasible approach in retinal prosthesis design. These findings provide an insight into how to optimize a photovoltaic retinal prosthesis using a DPSS design with an appropriate update frequency for reliable pattern recognition. This will help the development of a wireless device able to restore vision to RP and AMD patients in the future.

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“…The ultrathin c-Si PV technology can also facilitate a significant improvement in energy harvesting for internet-of-things (IoT) sensors through on-chip embedded solar cells 9 or the 3-D integration of solar cells onto the IoT sensor chips. 10 As the IoT is becoming a pervasive technology for future, energy harvesting for IoT devices is becoming a real necessity.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Selectivity Engineering in a 2 μm Thick Ultrathin c-Si Solar Cell Using Transition-Metal Oxides Achieving an Efficiency of 10.8%

Xue

Islam

Meng

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In this paper, the integration of metal oxides as carrier-selective contacts for ultrathin crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells is demonstrated which results in an ∼13% relative improvement in efficiency. The improvement in efficiency originates from the suppression of the contact recombination current due to the band offset asymmetry of these oxides with Si. First, an ultrathin c-Si solar cell having a total thickness of 2 μm is shown to have >10% efficiency without any light-trapping scheme. This is achieved by the integration of nickel oxide (NiO) as a hole-selective contact interlayer material, which has a low valence band offset and high conduction band offset with Si. Second, we show a champion cell efficiency of 10.8% with the additional integration of titanium oxide (TiO), a well-known material for an electron-selective contact interlayer. Key parameters including V and J also show different degrees of enhancement if single (NiO only) or double (both NiO and TiO) carrier-selective contacts are integrated. The fabrication process for TiO and NiO layer integration is scalable and shows good compatibility with the device.

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The design of CMOS self-powered 256-pixel implantable chip with on-chip photovoltaic cells and active pixel sensors for subretinal prostheses

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Graphene Oxide–Based Nanomaterials: An Insight into Retinal Prosthesis

Graphene Oxide–Based Nanomaterials: An Insight into Retinal Prosthesis

Spatiotemporal integration of visual stimuli and its relevance to the use of a divisional power supply scheme for retinal prosthesis

Contact Selectivity Engineering in a 2 μm Thick Ultrathin c-Si Solar Cell Using Transition-Metal Oxides Achieving an Efficiency of 10.8%

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