The Danish PET/depression project: clinical symptoms and cerebral blood flow. A regions‐of‐interest analysis

Videbech, Poul; Ravnkilde, Barbara; Pedersen, Thomas Klit; Hartvig, Helle Bøggild; Egander, A.; Clemmensen, Karin; Rasmussen, N. A.; Andersen, Flemming; Gjedde, Albert; Rosenberg, Raben

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2002.02245.x

Cited by 138 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…25 Similarly, other studies have found that men appear to be more vulnerable to the adverse impacts of depressive syndromes on cognitive functioning and brain integrity. 33,34 We did not find such a sex difference in the present study. This may be due at least in part to statistical power since the number of men in our sample, particularly in the incident dementia analysis, was smaller than the number of women.…”

Section: Figure 2 Kaplan-meier Survival Curve Of Time To Incidence Ofcontrasting

confidence: 51%

Recurrent depressive symptoms and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment

Dotson¹,

Beydoun²,

Zonderman³

2010

Neurology

324

196

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Objective: A history of depression has been linked to an increased dementia risk. This risk may be particularly high in recurrent depression due to repeated brain insult. We investigated whether there is a dose-dependent relationship between the number of episodes of elevated depressive symptoms (EDS) and the risk for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.Methods: A total of 1,239 older adults from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging were followed for a median of 24.7 years. Diagnoses of MCI and dementia were made based on prospective data. Participants completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale at 1-to 2-year intervals and were considered to have an EDS if their score was Ն16. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, log-rank test for trend for survivor functions, and Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to examine the risk of MCI and dementia by number of EDS. Results:We observed a monotonic increase in risk for all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease as a function of the number of EDS. Each episode was associated with a 14% increase in risk for all-cause dementia. Having 1 EDS conferred an 87%-92% increase in dementia risk, while having 2 or more episodes nearly doubled the risk. Recurrence of EDS did not increase the risk of incident MCI. Conclusions:Our findings support the hypothesis that depression is a risk factor for dementia and suggest that recurrent depression is particularly pernicious. Preventing the recurrence of depression in older adults may prevent or delay the onset of dementia. Neurology Late-life depression is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Converging evidence suggests that depressive symptoms (DS) and major depression are prevalent in dementia, 1 but whether depression is a prodrome of dementia 2,3 or a risk factor for dementia 4,5 or they simply have similar neuropathologic substrates 6 is a matter of dispute. According to a recent meta-analysis, 7 the preponderance of evidence supports 3 possible hypotheses to explain the association between depression and dementia: 1) depression is a prodrome of dementia, 2) depression affects the threshold for manifesting dementia, or 3) depression leads to hippocampal damage through a glucocorticoid cascade, thus contributing to the development of dementia.The latter hypothesis proposes that glucocorticoid hypersecretion observed in some individuals with major depression increases neuronal death in the hippocampus due to overexpression of glucocorticoid receptors in that region.8 Based on this model, recurrent depressive episodes would be expected to result in greater hippocampal damage due to repeated insults to the brain.Editorial,

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Section: Figure 2 Kaplan-meier Survival Curve Of Time To Incidence Ofcontrasting

confidence: 51%

Recurrent depressive symptoms and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment

Dotson¹,

Beydoun²,

Zonderman³

2010

Neurology

324

196

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“…Increases in neural activity in similar regions of the ACC have been observed during depression (Kennedy et al, 2001;Videbech et al, 2002) and experimentally induced sadness (eg George et al, 1995;Liotti et al, 2000), and baseline activity in this region has been shown to predict response to antidepressant treatment (Mayberg et al, 1997Pizzagalli et al, 2001). In addition, higher glucose metabolism and perfusion in perigenual aspects of the ACC have been found to be positively correlated with both severity of depression and psychomotor retardation (Ebmeier et al, 1997;Dunn et al, 2002).…”

Section: Increased Mdlfc-acc Connectivity and Pitch Variation In Speechmentioning

confidence: 84%

Mechanisms of Action Underlying the Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Mood: Behavioral and Brain Imaging Studies

Barrett

Della‐Maggiore

Chouinard

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

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In a set of experiments, we applied 10-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left mid-dorsolateral frontal cortex (MDLFC) to investigate rTMS-induced changes in affective state and neural activity in healthy volunteers. In Experiment 1, we combined 10-Hz rTMS with a speech task to examine rTMS-induced changes in paralinguistic aspects of speech production, an affect-relevant behavior strongly linked to the ACC. In Experiment 2, we combined 10-Hz rTMS with positron emission tomography (PET) and used partial least squares (PLS) to identify a pattern of brain regions whose connectivity with the site of stimulation varied as a function of rTMS. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that following stimulation of the left MDLFC, subjects reported having less positive affect and vitality and displayed more monotonous speech. In Experiment 2, results revealed that 10-Hz rTMS influenced the covariation between blood flow at the site of stimulation (ie the left MDLFC) and blood flow in a number of affect-relevant brain regions including the perigenual anterior cingulate gyrus, insula, thalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, and caudate nucleus. Taken together, our results suggest that changes in affect and affect-relevant behaviour following 10-Hz rTMS applied over the left MDLFC may be related to changes in neural activity in brain regions widely implicated in affective states, including a frontocingulate circuit.

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“…Neurological disorders affecting the basal ganglia or the cerebellum are associated with depressive symptoms (Afifi 2003;Konarski et al 2005). Hypometabolism in the basal ganglia has been reported in depressed patients (Videbech et al 2002). Hypermetabolism and increased perfusion in the cerebellum have been reported in healthy subjects during induced sadness paradigms, as well as in depressed patients during resting states (Videbech et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypometabolism in the basal ganglia has been reported in depressed patients (Videbech et al 2002). Hypermetabolism and increased perfusion in the cerebellum have been reported in healthy subjects during induced sadness paradigms, as well as in depressed patients during resting states (Videbech et al 2002). In depressed patients, response to antidepressant treatment has been associated with changes in blood flow and metabolic activity in the cerebellum (Holthoff et al 2004;Mayberg et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Variation in Regional Brain Glucose Metabolism in Depression

Germain

Nofzinger

Meltzer

et al. 2007

Biological Psychiatry

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The Danish PET/depression project: clinical symptoms and cerebral blood flow. A regions‐of‐interest analysis

Abstract: Our findings support the notion that depressed patients have disturbances in the loops connecting the frontal lobes, limbic system, basal ganglia, and cerebellum.

Cited by 138 publications

References 70 publications

Recurrent depressive symptoms and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment

Recurrent depressive symptoms and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment

Mechanisms of Action Underlying the Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Mood: Behavioral and Brain Imaging Studies

Diurnal Variation in Regional Brain Glucose Metabolism in Depression

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