“The Cowl Does Make The Monk”: Understanding the Emergence of Social Entrepreneurship in Times of Downturn

Molina, José Luis; García, Hugo Valenzuela; Lubbers, Miranda J.; Escribano, Paula; Lobato, Marta M.

doi:10.1007/s11266-017-9921-6

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Due to the scope of this project, this observation will have to be explored in depth in future research. The diversification of strategies observed here in response to the aftermath of the crisis (Pahl 1935), has also been felt in other sectors, such as the social economy (Molina et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Becoming Part of an Eco-Community: Social and Environmental Activism or Livelihood Strategy?

2017

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Abstract:Studying grassroots initiatives which aim to respond to environmental and social crisis is of renewed importance nowadays, in the aftermath of the 2008-9 financial crisis in southern Europe. This paper studies people's motivations for becoming part of an eco-community in Catalonia, Spain, through interviews with 29 informants. The research is part of a larger study, based on ethnographic data collected between 2013 and 2015 in 27 eco-communities. The paper shows the extent to which people who joined an eco-community were driven by ideological reasons, adopting a livelihood strategy, or by a combination of both factors in the years following the crisis. We argue that the social and economic crisis has had an impact on the factors motivating people to join these communities, with an increase in the number of people driven by materialistic motives, relative to those who joined for ideological reasons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Becoming Part of an Eco-Community: Social and Environmental Activism or Livelihood Strategy?

2017

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“…In Spain, like in many other places, these new forms of companies pursuing both market and social objectives were relabeled under the general umbrella of SE. Those that presented a greater economic potential were nevertheless presented as an example of the vitality and potential of the sector; the sector became a Strategic Action Field (SAF) [14], disputed by different stakeholders: banks, financial actors, public companies, consultants, etc. Suddenly, social entrepreneurship became an immense and prosperous industry that represented an opportunity to relaunch, with a top-down strategy, a selection of initiatives-possibly the most profitable-under a new brand: SE, a friendlier alternative to the classic commercial company, with seductive added value (social, ecological, or solidarity) and a great potential to both make the commons profitable and compensate for the deficiencies of a welfare state in retirement.…”

Section: Discussion: Se In Catalonia Spainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, as we have noted elsewhere [14], the definition of SE is more prescriptive (what it should be) than descriptive (what it actually is). This is so because the institutional definition of SE responds to a sustained flow of ideas and premises from above to below [46].…”

Section: An Unclear Definition and A (Subtle) Selectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It has become a Strategic Action Field (SAF) disputed by the different stakeholders: major financial actors, public administrations, consultants, practitioners, etc. [14]. The potential of SE lies in the fact that it fulfils the gap left by a welfare state in retreat and makes possible the commodification of diverse social commons [15]-co-working strategies, social innovation, civil ideas and responses to real problems, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Crossroads for Social Entrepreneurship: Profits versus Ethics

Fuentes¹,

García²

2019

OJBM

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This paper reveals one of the most critical challenges faced by Spanish social entrepreneurship: either prioritizing ethical, social and environmental objectives or profit-seeking. Social entrepreneurship (those initiatives that pursue social and environmental objectives as well as economic ones) has become a very celebrated sector welcomed by political leaders, international corporations, large financial actors and the public opinion alike. The motto that another economy is possible is gaining momentum while an enormous number and variety of both public and private promotional programs are fostering and energizing such promising sector in practically any spot of the world. However, unlike more conventional enterprises, social entrepreneurship face some crucial challenges due to its own hybrid nature and the goal of making philanthropy (i.e., ensuring the social and environmental values) compatible with profit. A mixed-methods oriented research conducted in Catalonia (Spain) reveals some of these contradictions and challenges. As concluding remarks, we provide some clues to reconsider the scope of social entrepreneurship under a different political economy framework.

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“…To address these issues, we designed a multisited research in Catalonia (Spain), and several locations in Mexico about the personal networks of social/environmental entrepreneurs, defined as those entrepreneurs who intend to achieve social or environmental goals by market means (Molina et al, 2018). Social entrepreneurs constitute an interesting case because social capital plays a key role in the business success (Bosma et al, 2000;Witt, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

The embeddedness of social capital in personal networks

Molina

Macías

Lubbers

et al. 2019

Net Sci

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Name generators (NGs) and position generators (PGs) have been used to measure resources embedded in personal relationships, namely social support and social capital, respectively. Comparisons of these measures adopted NGs that only elicit a small number of alters (max. 5). In this paper we explore whether the measurement of social capital with NGs eliciting larger personal networks (say 15 to 20 alters) gives more comparable results to the PG in terms of occupational prestige. To address this issue, we designed a personal network questionnaire that combined a multiple name generator (MNG) and a PG and enquired about alter characteristics and alter-alter ties for the two sets of nominations simultaneously, allowing their integrated analysis. The questionnaire was implemented in the software EgoNet to collect data from social/environmental entrepreneurs in Spain (N = 30) and Mexico (N = 30. The analysis shows that the two approaches capture mostly non-overlapping sets of personal network members, suggesting that the PG measured in this case available, but not accessed social capital. Remarkably the NG led to a higher average prestige for this occupational group than the PG, but also a lower heterogeneity in prestige. The consequences of using one or another approach and their interpretations are discussed.

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“The Cowl Does Make The Monk”: Understanding the Emergence of Social Entrepreneurship in Times of Downturn

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Becoming Part of an Eco-Community: Social and Environmental Activism or Livelihood Strategy?

Becoming Part of an Eco-Community: Social and Environmental Activism or Livelihood Strategy?

A Crossroads for Social Entrepreneurship: Profits versus Ethics

The embeddedness of social capital in personal networks

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